@article { author = {Faghih, Zahra and Rezaeifard, Somayeh and Safaei, Akbar and Ghaderi, Abbas and Erfani, Nasrollah}, title = {IL-17 and IL-4 Producing CD8+ T Cells in Tumor Draining Lymph Nodes of Breast Cancer Patients: Positive Association with Tumor Progression}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Immunology}, volume = {10}, number = {4}, pages = {193-204}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research}, issn = {1735-1383}, eissn = {1735-367X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes have been recently divided based on their cytokine expression profile. Objective: To evaluate the percentages of CD8+ lymphocytes and their effector subsets including Tc1, Tc2 and Tc17 in the tumor draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) of patients with breast cancer. Methods: Single cell suspensions were obtained from TDLNs of 42 patients with breast cancer. Staining of the cell surface markers and intracellular cytokines was performed using appropriate fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies. The data was acquired on a four-color flow cytometer and was analyzed by CellQuestPro software package. The percentages of different CD8+ cell subtypes (Tc1, Tc2 and Tc17) were quantified in CD8+ T lymphocytes. The comparison was made between LN+ versus LN- patients, as well as patients in different clinico-pathological status. Results: The percentage of Tc1, Tc2 and Tc17 subsets were not significantly different between LN+ and LN- patients. Despite no difference in the percentages of Tc1 cells in LN+ patients with infiltrative ductal carcinoma (IDC), the mean expression of IFN-γ by Tc1 cells decreased significantly in comparison to LN- patients. On the other hand, the percentages of Tc2 and Tc17 effector subsets were increased in advanced stages (p=0.018 and p=0.009, respectively). Conclusion: As the first study to investigate various effector subtypes of CD8+ lymphocytes in TDLNs of patients with breast cancer, our data collectively suggests a positive association between IL-17- and IL-4-producing CD8+ T cell percentages (Tc2 and Tc17) in TDLNs with breast cancer progression. Although the number of Tc1 cells seems not to be affected by cancer progression, down-regulation of IFN-γ by these cells seems to be associated with tumor metastasis to TDLNs. These findings may have implications in cancer immunotherapy based on CD8+ effector subsets.}, keywords = {Breast cancer,Tc1,Tc2,Tc17,Lymph Node}, url = {https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16836.html}, eprint = {https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16836_9e5c1c49cbd78473cebad7b40d50f588.pdf} }