ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Detection of IL-20R1 and IL-20R2 mRNA in C57BL/6 Mice Astroglial Cells and Brain Cortex Following LPS Stimulation
Background: Astrocytes, which comprise ~90% of overall brain mass, are involved in brain immunity. These cells represent the non-professional class of CNS-resident APCs and may promote or inhibit CNS inflammation depending on the cytokines they secrete. IL-10 family of cytokines and their receptors, IL-20R1 and IL-20R2, may have a role in shifting astrocytes to a neuroprotective or neurodegenerative function. Objective: To address the expression of IL-20R1 and IL-20R2 cytokine receptors in astrocytes and brain cortex of C57BL/6 mice. Methods: We investigated the expression of IL-20R1 and IL-20R2 in C57BL/6 mice astroglial cells and brain cortex in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) method. Results: Astrocytes were able to express IL-20R1 and IL-20R2 mRNA not only in response to LPS stimulation but also in the absence of LPS. Furthermore, we found the expression of IL-20R1 and IL-20R2 mRNA in the cortex of adult C57BL/6 mice. Conclusions: IL-20R1 and IL-20R2 are constitutively expressed in the brain. Since most neuropathological processes involve astrocytes and inflammatory cytokines, these findings have important implications for future therapeutic strategies.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16809_d4ca233c60c0b6c779d7564d3bdad5fb.pdf
2013-06-01
62
69
Astroglial Cells
IL-20R1
IL-20R2
LPS
mice
Bahareh
Abd Nikfarjam
1
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University
AUTHOR
Massoumeh
Ebtekar
ebtekarm@modares.ac.ir
2
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University
LEAD_AUTHOR
Farzaneh
Sabouni
3
National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
AUTHOR
Zahra
Pourpak
4
Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
AUTHOR
Maryam
Kheirandish
5
Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Long Acting Propranolol and HSP-70 Rich Tumor Lysate Reduce Tumor Growth and Enhance Immune Response against Fibrosarcoma in Balb/c Mice
Background: Noradrenaline (NA), the principal neurotransmitter released from sympathetic nerve terminals, influences T-cell maturation, not only directly in developing T cells, but also indirectly, by acting on the thymic nonlymphoid cells. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the anti-proliferative, anti-migratory, antiangiogenic and cytotoxic properties of propranolol, β-AR blocker, against various cancers. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of propranolol on efficacy of HSP-70 rich lysate vaccine in immunotherapy of fibrosarcoma. Methods: Mouse fibrosarcoma WEHI-164 cells were used to immunize tumor-bearing mice with or without propranolol and HSP-70. Splenocytes proliferation, cytotoxic activity of the splenocytes, naturally occurring CD4+ CD25high T-reg cells and IFN-γ and IL-4 secretion as well as tumor size, were assessed to describe the anti-tumor immune response. Results: A significant increase in the level of IFN-γ in the mice vaccinated with WEHI-164 cells enriched with HSP-70 and co-treated with propranolol was observed compared to controls. However, HSP enrichment or propranolol treatment alone did not enhance the immune response as measured by the level of IFN-γ. Likewise, a decrease in tumor growth in the test group (p<0.01) and a significant increase in CTL activity (p<0.05) was observed. Conclusion: HSP enriched vaccine shows anti-tumor activity, probably due to the modulation of immune responses.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16811_8a945847531ec52d8ad794bd12bb912c.pdf
2013-06-01
70
82
IFN-γ
IL-4
Immune Modulator
Propranolol
T Regulatory Cell
Ahmad
Khalili
1
Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
AUTHOR
Zuhair
Muhammad Hassan
hasan_zm@modares.ac.ir
2
Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Shahram
Shahabi
3
Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia
AUTHOR
Ali Akbar
Pourfathollah
4
Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
AUTHOR
Seyed Nasser
Ostad
5
Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
AUTHOR
Shokoofe
Noori
6
Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University
AUTHOR
Mehdi
Mahdavi
7
Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran
AUTHOR
Habib
Haybar
8
Department of Anatomy, Ahwaz University of Medical Science, Ahwaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Ladan
Langroudi
9
Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Interleukin-17 Serum Levels and TLR4 Polymorphisms in Ulcerative Colitis
Background: Inflammatory bowel disease, an autoimmune disease, has two clinical manifestations including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis (UC). IL-17 has been the target of intensive research in autoimmune diseases. The influence of Toll like receptor 4 (TLR-4) gene polymorphisms on IL-17 production has also been revealed in UC patients and tissue inflammation in mice. Objectives: To investigate the association between the TLR-4 gene polymorphisms, Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile and IL-17 serum levels with ulcerative colitis. Additionally, we aimed to study modulation effects of forenamed gene polymorphisms on IL-17 serum levels in UC patients and controls. Methods: A total of 256 healthy controls and 85 UC patients enrolled in our study. DNA was extracted and PCR-RFLP technique was employed to determine Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms in TLR-4 gene and IL-17 serum levels were measured by ELISA method. Results: There was no significant difference between the frequency of Asp299Gly A>G and Thr399Ile C>T in UC patients and controls. While IL-17 serum levels in UC patients were significantly higher than controls (p=0.003), no significant difference in IL-17 levels between different genotypes existed. Additionally, a significant inverse relationship was observed between hemoglobin level and IL-17 serum levels in UC patients (p=0.039). Conclusions: Increased IL-17 serum levels in our UC patients might be explained through the synergistic activity of IL-17/IL-23 axis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, causing severe clinical outcome in patients with IBD. The prolonged excretion of blood in stool driven by inflammatory process which causes iron metabolism disorder and anemia may elucidate the inverse correlation between hemoglobin and IL-17 serum levels in UC patients. Lack of association between the TLR-4 gene polymorphisms and UC in our study was consistent with the results from other Caucasian populations.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16812_40e30abe4f35f5514055554a5ad00746.pdf
2013-06-01
83
92
Asp299Gly
Gene
IL-17
Thr399Ile
Toll-Like Receptor 4
Ulcerative colitis
Mojgan
Mohammadi
1
Physiology Research Centre
AUTHOR
Mohammad Javad
Zahedi
2
Department of Gastroenterology, Afzalipour Hospital
AUTHOR
Amin Reza
Nikpoor
3
Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, Medical School
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Baneshi
4
Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute of Future Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Mahdi
Hayatbakhsh
m24672@yahoo.com
5
Department of Gastroenterology, Afzalipour Hospital
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Hyperthermia Increases Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity against SW-872 Liposarcoma Cell Line
Background: Although there is convincing data in support of the effectiveness of hyperthermia in tumor therapy, the molecular mechanisms underlying the clinical effects of hyperthermia are still poorly understood. Objective: To investigate natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity against heat-treated SW-872 and HeLa tumor cell lines. Methods: NKG2D ligands and HLA class I transcription were examined using quantitative real-time PCR in treated tumor cell lines at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 12 h following thermal treatment at 39C and 42C for 1 h. The expression of MICA/B, ULBP1 and ULBP2 were also determined by flow cytometry. NK92-MI cytotoxic activity against heat-treated target cell lines was assessed by LDH release as well as annexin-V and 7-AAD assays. Results: Our results showed that heat treatment at 39C improved the cytolytic activity of NK cells against SW-872 cells without increasing NKG2D ligand concentration or decreasing HLA class I levels. Conclusion: The observed increase in the cytotoxicity of NK cells against SW-872 cells after hyperthermia does not coincide with changes in MICA/B, ULBP1 and ULBP2 ligands of NKG2, however, the expression of other ligands in target cells may have made the cells susceptible to the cytotoxic effect of NK cells.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16816_00d811ed205c3260bb4f592d8cb4d3e6.pdf
2013-06-01
93
102
Cytotoxicity
Hyperthermia
Liposarcoma
NKG2D Ligands
SW-872
Shirin
Farjadian
1
Department of Immunology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Marzie
Norouzian
2
Department of Immunology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Vahid
Younesi
3
Department of Immunology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Azin
Ebrahimpour
4
Department of Immunology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Ramin
Lotfi
5
Institute of Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service BadenWürttemberg-Hessen
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
MiR-143 Induces Expression of AIM2 and ASC in Jurkat Cell Line
Background: Absent in Melanoma 2 (AIM2) is an intracellular microbial dsDNA sensor which plays an important role in production of proinflammatory cytokines through Apoptosis associated Speck-like protein containing a Caspase activation and recruitment domain (ASC) and Caspase-1. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in regulation of immune related genes. However, there is little information regarding the effects of miRNAs on the AIM2 and ASC expression. Objective: To determine the mRNA levels of AIM2 and ASC in Jurkat cell line following introducing miRNA-143 (MiR-143). Methods: MiR-143, a scrambled sequence and PBS were introduced separately, to the Jurkat cell lines and the mRNA levels of AIM2 and ASC were examined in parallel with beta-actin and GAPDH (as housekeeping genes) using Real-Time PCR technique. Results: The mRNA levels of AIM2 and ASC were significantly increased in the MiR-143 transfected Jurkat cells when compared to the scrambled sequence or PBS treated cells. Conclusions: MiR-143 can lead to increased expression of AIM2 and ASC mRNAs. Considering the significance of AIM2 and ASC in DNA sensing and inflammosome formation, it can be considered as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of chronic infectious diseases, especially viral infections.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16817_770298a9278bc1f9c61da52841a120b3.pdf
2013-06-01
103
109
AIM2
ASC
Jurkat Cell
MiR-143
Mohammad
Momeni
1
Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Mirzaei
2
Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
Nahid
Zainodini
3
Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center
AUTHOR
Gholamhossein
Hassanshahi
ghassanshahi@gmail.com
4
Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Kazemi Arababadi
dr.kazemi@rums.ac.ir
5
Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Immunogenicity of a New Recombinant IpaC from Shigella dysenteriae Type I in Guinea Pig as a Vaccine Candidate
Background: Recombinant vaccine technology is one of the most developed means in controlling infectious diseases. However, an effective vaccine against Shigella is still missing. Objective: To evaluate recombinant IpaC protein of Shigella as a vaccine candidate. Methods: In this study we cloned IpaC gene into an expression vector in prokaryotic system. The protein expression was evaluated by SDS-PAGE and Western-Blotting analysis. The recombinant protein was purified using Ni–NTA affinity chromatography. Guinea pigs were immunized with the recombinant protein and the level of immunogenicity was examined by ELISA and Western blotting of IpaC. Challenge test was done through the intraoculary injection of Shigella dysenteriae (6×108 CFU/eye) and after 48 hours was scored for keratoconjunctivitis. Results: The results showed a remarkable level of immunogenicity in terms of antibody response and protection against keratoconjunctivitis in tested animals. The recombinant IpaC protein provided a protective system against Shigella dysenteriae type I during the challenge test. Conclusion: The results showed the potential of using recombinant IpaC in preparation of vaccine in perspective studies.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16818_b05d01d8681bcba9e92f3aa44fe8f95b.pdf
2013-06-01
110
117
expression
IpaC Gene
Recombinant Vaccine
Shigella dysenteriae
Fatemeh
Malaei
1
Biology Research Center, Faculty of Science, Imam Hussein University
AUTHOR
Mahdi
Hesaraki
2
Department of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran
AUTHOR
Mojtaba
Saadati
saadati_m@yahoo.com
3
Biology Research Center, Faculty of Science, Imam Hussein University
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ali Mohammad
Ahdi
4
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Sadraeian
5
Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Hussein
Honari
6
Biology Research Center, Faculty of Science, Imam Hussein University
AUTHOR
Shahram
Nazarian
7
Biology Research Center, Faculty of Science, Imam Hussein University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Immune Deviation in Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: Correlation with Iron Deficiency Anemia
Background: Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) has been controversially linked to IL-4 production in previous studies. A predominant Th1 response leads to resistance against recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC), whereas a Th2 response exacerbates the disease. Objective: To investigate the possible effect of iron deficiency on the host’s susceptibility to RVVC as a result of the Th1/Th2 cytokine polarization. Methods: We conducted a case-control study of 92 women in 4 groups based on strict inclusion and exclusion criteria: RVVC+IDA+ group consisted of 23 women with RVVC and IDA; RVVC+ IDA- group consisted of 23 women with RVVC without IDA; RVVC-IDA+ group consisted of 23 women without RVVC and with IDA and RVVC- IDA- group consisted of 23 healthy women. The iron parameters and key cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-12, IL-4) were measured in blood samples. Results: Comparison of IL-4 production between RVVC+ IDA+ (12.2 ± 1.3 pg/ml) and RVVC+ IDA- (2.4 ± 4.0 pg/ml) groups (p=0.044), between RVVC- IDA+ (14.6 ± 1.7 pg/ml) and RVVC- IDA- (1.28 ± 3.6 pg/ml) groups (p=0.006), between RVVC- IDA+ (14.6 ± 1.7 pg/ml) and RVVC+ IDA-) 2.4 ± 4.0 pg/ml) groups (p=0.009) and also between RVVC+ IDA+ and RVVC- IDA- (1.28 ± 3.6 pg/ml) groups (p=0.03) showed significant differences. We found a significant positive correlation between IL-4 and total iron binding capacity (TIBC, p=0.046) and between serum IL-10 and Hb levels (p=0.041) in the RVVC+ IDA- group. There was also a significant negative correlation between serum IL-4 and levels of serum iron (SI, p=0.041) in the RVVC- IDA- group. Conclusion: It seems that IDA determines the balance between and the intensity of Th1 and Th2 arms of the immune response and leads to a deviation toward Th2 response which could contribute to recurrence of candidiasis.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16819_0119f34aeff1bdad98fe720ae0ae1ee4.pdf
2013-06-01
118
126
Cytokine
iron deficiency
Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
Th1/Th2
Nadereh
Naderi
naderi@hums.ir
1
Department of Immunology
LEAD_AUTHOR
Zahra
Etaati
2
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
AUTHOR
Mansoreh
Rezvani Joibari
3
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
AUTHOR
Seyed Alireza
Sobhani
4
Department of Pathology
AUTHOR
Said
Hosseni Tashnizi
5
Department of Biostatistics, Bandar Abbas School of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
AUTHOR