Shiraz Institute for Cancer ResearchIranian Journal of Immunology1735-138311220140601CTL Responses to DCs Stimulated with Leishmania Antigens Detected by DCs Expressing Leishmania gp63657316767ENHosseinRezvanDepartment of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paraveterinary Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University,
HamadanAliKhodadadiDepartment of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jondi Shapour University, Ahwaz, IranSelmanAliSchool of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, Nottingham, UKJournal Article20160804<b>Background</b>: <em><span lang="JA">Leishmania </span></em><span lang="JA">is a pathogenic parasite which infects mononuclear cells in</span> vertebrate hosts. Different strategies have been taken to develop immunity against Leishmania <span lang="JA">. DCs loaded with immunogenic antigen have resulted in different levels of</span> Th1-type immune response and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) activity. <span><br/><b>Objective</b>: </span><span lang="JA">To</span> evaluate the potency of DCs primed with soluble <em><span lang="JA">Leishmania mexicana </span></em><span lang="JA">antigens (SLA)</span> in developing CTL activity. <span><br/><b>Methods</b>: </span><span lang="JA">DCs were loaded with SLA and injected to</span> Balb/c <span lang="JA">mice. After two weeks the mice were sacrificed and their splenocytes were used</span> as effector cells in a standard 4-hour cytotoxicity assay against DCs transfected with pcDNA3 containing <em><span lang="JA">L. mexicana </span></em><span lang="JA">gp63 gene. </span><span><br/><b>Results</b>: </span><span lang="JA">Immunization of </span><em><span lang="JA">Balb/c </span></em><span lang="JA">mice</span> with DCs loaded with SLA resulted in high levels of CTL activity against DCs transfected with pcDNA3 containing <em><span lang="JA">L. mexicana </span></em><span lang="JA">gp63 gene. </span><span><br/><b>Conclusions</b>: </span><span lang="JA">The results</span> indicate a high potency for DCs primed with Leishmania antigens in inducing CTL activity, which can be used for developing an immunogenic vaccine against Leishmania.https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16767_ff1ea16c3ad0c052354ed79fec16ee6b.pdfShiraz Institute for Cancer ResearchIranian Journal of Immunology1735-138311220140601Toll Like Receptor 2 and 4 Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Multiple Sclerosis Patients748316768ENSeyed JavadHasheminiaCellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahre Kord University of Medical
Sciences, Shahre KordSayyed HamidZarkesh-EsfahaniDepartment of Biology, School of Sciences, University of IsfahanSepidehToloueiDepartment of
Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesVahidShaygannejadDepartment of
Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanHedaiatallahShirzadDepartment of
Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahre Kord University of Medical SciencesMortezaHashemzadeh ChaleshtoryCellular and Molecular
Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahre Kord University of Medical Sciences, Shahre Kord , IranJournal Article20160804<b>Background</b>: <span lang="JA">Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a T cell mediated autoimmune disease with</span> unknown etiology. Appropriate MS therapeutic strategies need thorough understanding of both disease etiology and pathogenesis mechanisms. Ligation of TLR-2 and TLR-4 stimulates the production of several cytokines leading to CNS autoimmunity and neurodegenerative diseases. <span><br/><b>Objective</b>: </span><span lang="JA">To find a relationship between MS disability</span> and TLR-2 and TLR-4 expression on mononuclear cells in the blood of MS patients. <br/><b>Methods</b>: <span lang="JA">Forty-five new case (NC) MS patients (33 females and 12 males) and 45 age</span> and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited to the study. PBMCs were prepared and the expressions of TLR-2 and TLR-4 were assessed by flowcytometry technique using appropriate monoclonal antibodies. <span><br/><b>Results</b>: </span><span lang="JA">Our results showed that</span> the expression of TLR-2 and TLR-4 proteins in the patients group was significantly higher than that of healthy controls. TLR-2 but not TLR-4 was correlated with expanded disability status scale (EDSS) scores. <span><br/><b>Conclusion</b>: </span><span lang="JA">High expressions of TLR-2 and</span> TLR-4 may represent a state of innate immune activation in patients with MS.https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16768_9c34b0fbdfe38824c25a1290ba627dd5.pdfShiraz Institute for Cancer ResearchIranian Journal of Immunology1735-138311220140601Increase of CD69, CD161 and CD94 on NK Cells in Women with Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion and in Vitro Fertilization Failure849616769ENMehriGhafourianDepartment of Immunology, Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur
University of Medical Sciences, AhvazNajmehKaramiPediatric Infections Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University
of Medical Science, TehranAliKhodadadiDepartment of Immunology, Cancer Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur
University of Medical Sciences, AhvazRoshanNikbakhatFertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz
Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranJournal Article20160804<b>Background</b>: <span lang="JA">Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and </span><em><span>in vitro </span></em><span lang="JA">fertilization (IVF)</span> failure with unknown causes are the controversial issues that are probably related to the immune system. <span><br/><b>Objective</b>: </span><span lang="JA">To compare circulating NK cells expressing activation and</span> inhibition surface markers between patients with RSA and IVF failure with those of healthy multiparous and successful IVF control women, respectively. <span><br/><b>Methods</b>: </span><span lang="JA">In this</span> case-control study peripheral blood samples were collected from 43 patients who included 23 women with RSA and 20 with IVF failure, plus 43 healthy control women comprising of 36 normal multiparous women and seven women with successful IVF. The expression of CD69, CD94 and CD161 surface markers on CD56+NK cells were assessed using specific monoclonal antibodies by flowcytometry. <span><br/><b>Results</b>: </span><span lang="JA">The</span> percentage of NK cells increased significantly in patients with RSA and in women with IVF failure in comparison to healthy multiparous and successful IVF control groups (p<0.001). The overall expression of CD69, CD94, CD161 were also increased significantly on NK cells in both patient groups compared to control groups (p<0.001). <br/><b>Conclusion</b>: <span lang="JA">Elevated expression of CD69 and CD161 on NK cells can be considered</span> as immunological risk markers in RSA and IVF failure. However, it is not clear if high expression of CD94 on peripheral blood NK cells is related to abnormal activity of endometrial NK cells.https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16769_47b429485590b6346bf4aadd55d8cd24.pdfShiraz Institute for Cancer ResearchIranian Journal of Immunology1735-138311220140601IL-6, IL-10 and IL-17 Gene Polymorphisms in Iranian Women with Recurrent Miscarriage9710416770ENMotaharehBahadoriMonoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, TehranSaeedZareiDepartment of
Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, ShirazAmir HassanZarnaniNano biotechnology
Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, TehranImmunology Research Center, School
of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, TehranOmidZareiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, TabrizFarahIdaliReproductive Immunology Research
Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, IranRezaHadaviMonoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, TehranMahmoodJeddi-TehraniMonoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran0000-0002-8831-4711Journal Article20160804<b>Background</b>: <span>Pro</span><span>-</span><span>inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and polymorphisms</span> of their genes have been described to be involved in the pathogenesis of recurrent miscarriage (RM). <span><br/><b>Objective</b>: </span><span>To investigate the association between RM and five</span> polymorphisms of cytokine genes, interleukin 10 <span>(</span><span>IL-10), (-592 A/C, -819 C/T, -1082</span> A/G), IL-6 (-174 C/G) and IL-17 (-197 G/A) in Iranian women. <span><br/><b>Method</b>: </span><span>Polymerase</span> chain reaction <span>-</span><span>restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was performed</span> to determine the frequencies of the IL-6, IL-10 and IL-17 gene polymorphisms in 85 women with RM compared with 104 healthy controls. <span><br/><b>Results</b>: </span><span>The frequencies of IL-</span> 10 promoter gene polymorphisms (-592 A/C and -819 C/T) were significantly higher in RM women than those in controls (p=0.003). However, no statistically significant differences were observed in the frequencies of IL-6 (-174 C/G), IL-10 (-1082 A/G) and IL-17 (-197 G/A) polymorphisms between RM women and controls. <br/><b>Conclusion</b>:<span> These</span> results suggest that IL-10 gene polymorphism screening might have some relevance in patients with RM, a suggestion which requires further studies.https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16770_f3496520f99b1a38f509ff21368eb629.pdfShiraz Institute for Cancer ResearchIranian Journal of Immunology1735-138311220140601FoxP3+ Regulatory T Cells in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer10511216771ENNasrollahErfaniCancer Immunology Group, Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine0000-0002-4158-9128MahboobehHamedi-ShahrakiDepartment of
Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of MedicineSomayehRezaeifardCancer Immunology Group, Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of MedicineMohammadrezaHaghshenasCancer Immunology Group, Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of MedicineManoochehrRasouliProfessor Alborzi Clinical Microbiology Research Center,
Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranAlamtajSamsami DehaghaniDepartment of
Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of MedicineJournal Article20160804<b>Background</b>: <span lang="JA">Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of death from malignancy in</span> women. CD4 <span style="font-family: Times New Roman+FPEF; font-size: xx-small;" lang="JA"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman+FPEF; font-size: xx-small;" lang="JA">+</span></span><span lang="JA">CD25</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman+FPEF; font-size: xx-small;" lang="JA"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman+FPEF; font-size: xx-small;" lang="JA">+</span></span><span lang="JA">FoxP3</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman+FPEF; font-size: xx-small;" lang="JA"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman+FPEF; font-size: xx-small;" lang="JA">+ </span></span><span lang="JA">regulatory T (Treg) cells are a subset of T lymphocytes</span> with great inhibitory impact on immune response. <span><br/><b>Objectives</b>: </span><span lang="JA">To investigate the</span> percentage of CD4 <span style="font-family: Times New Roman+FPEF; font-size: xx-small;" lang="JA"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman+FPEF; font-size: xx-small;" lang="JA">+</span></span><span lang="JA">CD25</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman+FPEF; font-size: xx-small;" lang="JA"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman+FPEF; font-size: xx-small;" lang="JA">+</span></span><span lang="JA">FoxP3</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman+FPEF; font-size: xx-small;" lang="JA"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman+FPEF; font-size: xx-small;" lang="JA">+ </span></span><span lang="JA">regulatory T cells in the peripheral blood of the</span> Iranian patients with epithelial ovarian cancer compared to healthy women and to evaluate the correlation of the Treg cell percentage with clinicopathological characteristics including cancer stage and CA-125 serum level. <span><br/><b>Methods</b>: </span><span lang="JA">Seventeen</span> women with epithelial ovarian cancer and 20 healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stained at the surface, for CD4 and CD25 molecules, followed by fixation, permeabilization and intracellular staining for FoxP3 molecule. After processing and flowcytometry analysis, prevalence of Treg cells was determined as the percentages of CD25 <span style="font-family: Times New Roman+FPEF; font-size: xx-small;" lang="JA"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman+FPEF; font-size: xx-small;" lang="JA">+</span></span><span lang="JA">FoxP3</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman+FPEF; font-size: xx-small;" lang="JA"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman+FPEF; font-size: xx-small;" lang="JA">+ </span></span><span lang="JA">cells among CD4</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman+FPEF; font-size: xx-small;" lang="JA"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman+FPEF; font-size: xx-small;" lang="JA">+ </span></span><span lang="JA">lymphocytes.</span> <br/><b>Results</b>: <span lang="JA">Despite no difference in the percentage of total CD4</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman+FPEF; font-size: xx-small;" lang="JA"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman+FPEF; font-size: xx-small;" lang="JA">+ </span></span><span lang="JA">lymphocytes, analysis</span> indicated that Treg cell percentage was significantly higher in ovarian cancer patients than controls (5.7 ± 3.1% versus 2.8 ± 1.4%, p=0.002). A trend toward higher Treg cells was observed in higher stages of ovarian cancer (III+IV) in comparison to lower stages (I+II) (6.5 ± 3.2% vs. 4.44 ± 2.7%, p=0.2). Higher percentage of Treg cells was also observed in the patients with high CA125 (CA-125 >100 U/mL) in comparison to those with low CA-125 serum level (CA-125 ≤100 U/mL) although the difference was not significant (6.44 versus 4.18%, p=0.19). <span><br/><b>Conclusion</b>: </span><span lang="JA">Increased frequency of Tregs in</span> ovarian cancer might participate in immune suppression in these patients. The findings collectively suggest the likely impact of Treg cell–targeted immunotherapy in ovarian cancer.https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16771_c6b88d8123e431a801d11838e07f1955.pdfShiraz Institute for Cancer ResearchIranian Journal of Immunology1735-138311220140601Propylene-Glycol Aggravates LPS-Induced Sepsis through Production of TNF-α and IL-611312216772ENAnnamariaMartonInstitute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of SciencesCsongorKolozsiInstitute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of SciencesErzsebetKuszInstitute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of SciencesZoltanOlahMolecular
Surgery Unit, Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of SzegedAcheuron Hungary Ltd.TamasLetohaMolecular
Surgery Unit, Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of SzegedPharmacoidea Ltd., Szeged, HungaryCsabaVizlerInstitute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of SciencesLaszloPeczeInstitute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of SciencesDepartment of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg,
SwitzerlandJournal Article20160804Background <span lang="JA">: Propylene glycol (1,2-propanediol, PG) is a commonly used solvent for</span> oral, intravenous, as well as topical pharmaceutical preparations. While PG is generally considered to be safe, it has been known that large intravenous doses given over a short period of time can be toxic. <span><br/><b>Objective</b>: </span><span lang="JA">To evaluate the effect of PG in sepsis induced</span> by the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). <span><br/><b>Methods</b>: </span><span lang="JA">Balb/c mice were</span> treated with LPS (1 mg/kg b.w., i.p.) with or without PG (5 g/kg b.w. i.v.). The survival rate and the production of inflammatory cytokines were measured. In RAW264.7 mouse macrophages encoding NF- <span style="font-family: FPEF;" lang="ZH-TW"></span><span lang="JA">B-luc reporter gene, the nuclear transcription factor kappa-</span> B (NF- <span style="font-family: FPEF;" lang="ZH-TW"></span><span lang="JA">B) activation was measured. </span><span><br/><b>Results</b>: </span><span lang="JA">We found that intravenous PG increased</span> the mortality rate in sepsis induced by the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. In accordance with that, PG enhanced LPS <em><span>-</span></em><span lang="JA">induced production of</span> inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF <em><span>-</span></em><span lang="JA">α) and interleukin-6</span> (IL <em><span>-</span></em><span lang="JA">6) </span><em><span>in vivo</span></em><span lang="JA">. PG also increased the LPS-induced macrophage activation in vitro as</span> detected by measuring NF- <span style="font-family: FPEF;" lang="ZH-TW"></span><span lang="JA">B activation. </span><span><br/><b>Conclusion</b>: </span><span lang="JA">Our results indicate that drugs</span> containing high doses of PG can pose a risk when administered to patients suffering from or prone to Gram negative bacterial infection.https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16772_5a9c8861c95db295aed3b1c25429dfb4.pdfShiraz Institute for Cancer ResearchIranian Journal of Immunology1735-138311220140601Morbidity and Mortality of Iranian Patients with Hyper IgM Syndrome: a Clinical Analysis12313316773ENHassanAbolhassaniResearch Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center,
Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, IranDivision of Clinical Immunology, Department of
Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, SwedenFatemehAkbariDivision of Clinical Immunology, Department of
Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, SwedenBabakMirminachiDivision of Clinical Immunology, Department of
Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, SwedenSaeedBazregariDivision of Clinical Immunology, Department of
Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, SwedenEhsanHedayatDivision of Clinical Immunology, Department of
Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, SwedenNimaRezaeiDivision of Clinical Immunology, Department of
Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, SwedenAsgharAghamohammadiDivision of Clinical Immunology, Department of
Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, SwedenJournal Article20160804<b>Background</b>: <span lang="JA">Defects in B cell class switch recombination (CSR) are a heterogeneous</span> and yet very uncommon group of disorders which all have a genetic basis uniformly leading to hyper IgM (HIgM) syndrome. Due to the rare frequency of these conditions, a very small number of case series have been conducted on the affected patients. <br/><b>Objective</b>: <span lang="JA">To shed some light on the morbidity and mortality regarding a relatively</span> large cohort of diagnosed CSR defective Iranian patients. <span><br/><b>Methods</b>: </span><span lang="JA">This study was</span> performed using demographic information, laboratory findings and clinical data obtained from an observation of 33 Iranian patients of different ethnicities referred from all medical centers of Iran to the Children’s Medical Center Hospital, pediatrics center of excellence, Tehran, Iran; of which 28 were males and 5 were females. <span><br/><b>Results</b>: </span><span lang="JA">Our</span> patients mean age at the onset of symptoms was 1.8 ± 0.2 years; they were diagnosed with a mean delay of 4.4 ± 3.3 years and followed for a mean time of 5.7 ± 4.8 years. The most prominent clinical features observed were multi-organ infections, affecting mostly the respiratory system, followed by lymphoproliferative and autoimmune disorders, the latter being of much higher frequency (44%) in our study than the reported frequency in previous reports. The three year survival rate for our enrolled patients was 67.9%. <span><br/><b>Conclusions</b>: </span><span lang="JA">Based on our findings, the most common cause of</span> death in HIgM patients is respiratory failure. The molecular mechanism behind the nature of the CSR defective patients in Iran is more compatible with autosomal recessive mutations rather than X-linked HIgM syndrome which is in contrast with other large cohorts of patients with CSR defect.https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16773_228f698cc518b237458af246bf53faad.pdfShiraz Institute for Cancer ResearchIranian Journal of Immunology1735-138311220140601Correlation of Midkine Serum Level with Pro- and Anti-Inflamatory Cytokines in Multiple Sclerosis13413816774ENVahidShaygannejadDepartment of Neurology and Isfahan Neurosciences Research CenterSaeedMontazeriMedical Student Research
Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanAzamJamshidianImmunology and Microbiology Department,
Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, ShahrekordSoheilTahaniDepartment of Neurology and Isfahan Neurosciences Research CenterDepartment of Medical Sciences, Najafabad
Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, IranMarjanGharagozlooDepartment of Immunology,
School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesFereshtehAshtariDepartment of Neurology and Isfahan Neurosciences Research CenterSaharVesalDepartment of Neurology and Isfahan Neurosciences Research CenterSeyed JavadHasheminiaDepartment of Medical Sciences, Najafabad
Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, IranLeilaDehghaniDepartment of Neurology and Isfahan Neurosciences Research CenterDepartment of Medical Sciences, Najafabad
Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, IranJournal Article20160804<b>Background</b>: <span lang="JA">Midkine (MK) is a heparin-binding growth factor with promoting effects</span> in inflammatory responses through enhancing leukocytes migration. <span><br/><b>Objective</b>: </span><span lang="JA">To</span> study the correlation between MK serum levels and concentration of inflammatory cytokines in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. <span><br/><b>Methods</b>: </span><span lang="JA">We evaluated the MK level</span> and its relationship with inflammatory cytokines (IL-17 and IL-23) and antiinflammatory ones (IL-10 and TGF-β) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. The serum concentrations of MK and cytokines were assessed by ELISA in 32 MS patients in comparison with 32 healthy subjects. <span><br/><b>Results</b>: </span><span lang="JA">Our data showed that the MK</span> concentration in MS patients is lower than healthy controls (341.15 ± 40.71 Pg/ml vs. 620.15 ± 98.61 Pg/ml, respectively, p=0.015). We also observed a significant decrease in IL-10, IL-23, and TGF-β cytokine levels in MS patients. There was a significant correlation between MK and IL-23 concentrations in our study (r = +0.829, p≤0.001). <br/><b>Conclusion</b>: <span lang="JA">These results confirm a role for MK in inflammatory reactions in MS.</span>https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16774_4313e2d195333292bf720431b337764e.pdf