@article { author = {Peiravian, Forooz and Rajaian, Hamid and Samiei, Afshin and Gholijani, Nasser and Gharesi-Fard, Behrouz and Mokaram, Pooneh and Rahimi-Jaberi, Abbas and Kamali Sarvestani, Eskandar}, title = {Altered Serum Cytokine Profiles in Relapse Phase of Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Immunology}, volume = {13}, number = {3}, pages = {186-196}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research}, issn = {1735-1383}, eissn = {1735-367X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system and cytokines may play a role in the development of MS lesions. Objective: To determine levels of different cytokines in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RR-MS) compared to healthy controls. Methods: Profiles of pro-inflammatory, Th1-, Th2-, and Th17-related cytokines were compared by quantitative multiplexed ELISA-based chemiluminescent assay in 44 RR-MS and 44 healthy age- and sex-matched individuals from the same ethnicity. Results: Among pro-inflammatory cytokines, the levels of IL-6 (p=0.003), IL-8 (p=0.05) and TNF-α (p=0.002) were higher in patients than controls, though IL-4 and IL-10 as well as ΣTh2 cytokines were lower in patients (p=0.05, p=0.02 and p=0.05, respectively). After gender classification, the higher levels of IL-4 in male patients remained significant and IL-13 also showed significantly higher levels in male patients compared to male controls (p=0.003 and p=0.05, respectively). A significant negative correlation was detected between EDSS and IL-10 or ΣTh2 levels (p=0.005). In addition, IL-1α (r=0.4, p=0.05) and IFN-γ (r=0.35, p=0.05) were also directly correlated with EDSS in female patients. Conclusions: Patients with RR‑MS who are in the relapse clinical phase exhibit higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduction in protective Th2-related cytokines.}, keywords = {Cytokines,Multiple Sclerosis,Th1,Th2,Th17}, url = {https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_33407.html}, eprint = {https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_33407_9c750effa4eb83814a0c9fb44c3e9264.pdf} }