ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Influence of 1 Alpha, 25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 on T Helper 17 Cells and Related Cytokines in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease. Emerging data suggests that T helper 17 (Th17) cells play a pathogenic role in SLE and the increased number of these cells correlates with disease activity. In recent years, 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25VitD3) has been considered as an immunomodulatory factor. Objective: To investigate the effect of 1,25VitD3 on Th17 cells and on the expression of related cytokines in SLE patients. Method: Thirty SLE patients (newly diagnosed or in remission) were sampled for 10 ml whole blood to isolate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient centrifugation. Isolated cells were cultured in the presence and absence of 50 nM 1,25VitD3. After incubation, cells were harvested and stimulated for 4-5 hours with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin in the presence of brefeldin A. IL-17 secreting cells were analyzed by flowcytometry. RNA was extracted from cultured cells, cDNA was synthesized, and the expression levels of IL-6, IL-17, IL-23 and TGF- β genes were assessed by real-time PCR. Results: The percentage of Th17 cells (CD3+ CD8- IL-17+ T cells) decreased significantly in 1,25VitD3-treated cells (3.67 ± 2.43%) compared to untreated cells (4.65 ± 2.75%) ( p=0.003). The expression of TGF- β up regulated (1.38-fold) and the expression of IL-6 (50%), IL-17 (27%) and IL-23 (64%) down regulated after 1,25VitD3 treatment. Conclusion: This study showed that 1,25VitD3 modulates Th17 related pathways in SLE patients and revealed the immunomodulatory effect of 1,25VitD3 on the Th17 mediated autoimmunity.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16738_10245b3b5aecc443b39c422de643382d.pdf
2015-06-01
82
93
IL-17
IL-23
systemic lupus Erythematosus
Th17
TGF-β
Vitamin D
Hadi
Reihani
1
Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute
AUTHOR
Maryam
Rastin
2
Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute
AUTHOR
Mahmoud
Mahmoudi
3
Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Ghoryani
4
Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute
AUTHOR
Nafiseh
Abdollahi
5
Bone, Joint and Connective Tissue Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
AUTHOR
Nafiseh Sadat
Tabasi
6
Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute
AUTHOR
Shahrzad
Zamani Taghizadeh Rabe
7
Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute
AUTHOR
Maryam
Sahebari
sahebarim@mums.ac.ir
8
Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Neutrophils on Nitric Oxide Production from Stimulated Macrophages
Background: During the initial phase of an infection, there is an upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the macrophages for the production of nitric oxide. This is followed by the recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils) which release arginase. Arginase competes with inducible nitric oxide synthase for a common substrate L-arginine. Objective: To investigate whether the entry of neutrophils and release of arginase can interfere with nitric oxide production from stimulated mouse macrophages. Methods: Neutrophils were isolated from human blood and stimulated with cytodex-3 beads. Cultured macrophages were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and interferon gamma with or without N (G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester or N (omega)-hydroxy-nor-L-arginine. Measurement of NO2 - /NO3 - and urea were done using the spectrophotometer. Results: A significantly higher level of nitric oxide production from stimulated macrophages was observed compared to control. There was a decrease in nitric oxide production when stimulated macrophages were treated with the supernatant from activated neutrophils (p<0.05). Conclusion: Arginase from neutrophils can modulate nitric oxide production from activated macrophages which may affect the course of infection by intracellular bacteria.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16739_6fd1e97ec4c93800c24e4ec620c120ef.pdf
2015-06-01
94
103
arginase
Nitric oxide synthase
N(ω)-hydroxy-nor-L-arginine
N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester
Eric
Adua
eriad828@student.liu.se
1
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Sweden
LEAD_AUTHOR
Frank
Oteng Danso
2
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Sweden
AUTHOR
Oswald Mensah
Boa-Amponsem
3
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Sweden
AUTHOR
Frank
Adusei-Mensah
4
Department of Biochemistry, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Lipopolysaccharide Induced Activation of Toll Like Receptor 4 in Isolated Rat Heart Suggests a Local Immune Response in Myocardium
Background: Myocardial dysfunction is one of the major complications in patients with sepsis where there is a relationship between the blood level of cytokines and the onset of myocardial depression. In many cases of sepsis, the presence of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been established. LPS Binding Protein (LBP) bound endotoxin is recognized by CD14/toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) complexes in innate immune cells which stimulates TNF-α release. Objectives: To investigate whether isolated rat heart is capable of producing TNF-α locally through TLR4 activation by LPS. Methods: Using langendorff method, LPS in 120 mL of the modified KrebsHenseleit buffer solution (KHBS) at final concentration of 1 µg/mL was perfused at recycling mode. The effect of LPS on cardiac function was evaluated. To assess the TLR4 activity and TNF-α release, western blotting, real time-PCR, and ELISA were used. Results: Compared with control, coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) as well as left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), maximum and minimum rates of the left ventricular developed pressure (dP/dtmax; dP/dtmin; p<0.001) were depressed to a maximum level after 180 minutes recycling with LPS. This myocardial depression was associated with a significant increase in TLR4 expression (p<0.01), MyD88 activity (p<0.01) and TNF-α (p<0.05) concentration in the heart tissue. Conclusion: The results of this study show that heart is capable of producing TNF-α through TLR4 and MyD88 activation independent of classic immune system and suggest a local immune response.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16740_b9062a03a6c772ac087c72dfc9a9034d.pdf
2015-06-01
104
116
Local Immune Response
Cardiac Failure
Sepsis
Toll Like Receptor 4
Maryam
Rameshrad
1
Student Research Committee
AUTHOR
Nasrin
Maleki-Dizaji
2
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz
AUTHOR
Haleh
Vaez
3
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz
AUTHOR
Hamid
Soraya
4
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia
AUTHOR
Ailar
Nakhlband
5
Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology
AUTHOR
Alireza
Garjani
garjania@tbzmed.ac.ir
6
Cardiovascular Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Investigating the Association of IL-17A and IL-17F with Susceptibility to Pre-eclampsia in Iranian Women
Background: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is one of the most important and life-threatening pregnancy disorders that affect at least 3-5% of all pregnancies. Imbalance in helper T cell functions may play a role in predisposing to PE or severity of the disease. Elevated frequencies of Th17 cells in the peripheral blood of PE patients have been reported. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) within IL-17 gene have been identified that may affect the IL-17 production. Objectives: To investigate the association between IL-17A (-197A/G) and IL-17F (+7488T/C) gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to PE in a group of Iranian women. Moreover, to study any correlation of the polymorphisms data with the level of IL-17, at mRNA level in the paternal and maternal parts of the placentas and also at protein level in the peripheral and placental blood samples. Methods: A group of 261 PE patients and 278 age-matched healthy women with at least two previous normal pregnancies formed the cases and controls of this study. IL-17A (-197A/G) and IL-17F (+7488T/C) polymorphisms were genotyped using PCR-RFLP method. The protein level of IL-17A was assessed in the sera of 40 PE and 40 healthy women using ELISA method and mRNA expression was also measured in placental samples of 19 PE and 19 control women using Q-PCR technique. Results: Statistical analysis indicated that there were no differences in genotype, allele or haplotype frequencies regarding the studied SNPs between cases and controls. The level of IL-17A was elevated in the placental blood and the fetal tissue at protein and mRNA levels (p< 0.009 and p<0.000, respectively) in PE as compared with the healthy women. Conclusions: The effect of IL-17 cytokine in pre-eclampsia is not due to the studied cytokine polymorphisms but local production of IL-17 might have an effect on the predisposition to the disease.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16741_66d7cdb92225715c97bbbd3d6c9459ef.pdf
2015-06-01
117
128
IL-17
Pre-eclampsia
Polymorphism
Fahimah
Anvari
1
Department of Immunolog y, School of Medicine
AUTHOR
Feryal
Dabagh-Gorjani
2
Department of Immunolog y, School of Medicine
AUTHOR
Mohammad-Sadegh
SoltaniZangbar
3
Department of Immunolog y, School of Medicine
AUTHOR
Eskandar
Kamali-Sarvestani
4
Department of Immunolog y, School of Medicine
AUTHOR
Zahra
Malek-Hosseini
5
Department of Immunolog y, School of Medicine
AUTHOR
Behrouz
Gharesi-Fard
gharesifb@sums.ac.ir
6
Department of Immunolog y, School of Medicine
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Increased Expression of Two Alternative Spliced Variants of CD1d Molecule in Human Gastric Cancer
Background: CD1d presents glycolipid antigens to invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. The role of CD1d in the development of peptic ulcer and gastric cancer has not been revealed, yet. Objective: To clarify the expression of alternatively spliced variants of CD1d in peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. Methods: Patients with dyspepsia were selected and divided into three groups of non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD), peptic ulcer disease (PUD), and gastric cancer (GC), according to their endoscopic and histopathological examinations. H. pylori infection was diagnosed by rapid urease test and histopathology. The expression levels of V2, V4, and V5 spliced variants of CD1d molecule were determined by quantitative Reverse Transcriptase PCR. Results: Relative gene expression levels of V4 were higher in GC patients (n=37) than those in NUD (n=49) and PUD (n=51) groups (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). Moreover, GC patients showed higher expression levels of V5 compared to NUD and PUD groups (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Positive correlation coefficients were attained between V4 and V5 expression in patients with PUD (r=0.734, p<0.0001) and GC (r=0.423, p<0.01), but not in patients with NUD. Among NUD patients, the expression levels of V4, but not V5, were higher in H. pylori-positive patients than in H. pylorinegative ones (p<0.01). Conclusion: Collectively, both membrane-bound (V4) and soluble (V5) isoforms of CD1d were over-expressed in gastric tumor tissues, suggesting that they are involved in anti-tumor immune responses.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16742_eabe655ab66e5251a17c489bbc3211e8.pdf
2015-06-01
129
140
CD1d
Gastric Cancer
peptic ulcer
Nasim
Hafezi
1
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine
AUTHOR
Abolghasem
Ajami
2
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine
AUTHOR
Touraj
Farazmandfar
3
School of Advanced Medical Science Technologies, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan
AUTHOR
Vahid
Hosseini
4
Inflammatory Diseases of Upper GI Tract Research Center, Imam Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
AUTHOR
Reza
Alizadeh-Navaei
5
Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Tehrani
drmtehrani@gmail.com
6
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Childhood Autoimmune Hepatitis in Bahrain: a Tertiary Center Experience
Background: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in childhood has variable modes of presentation, and the disease should be suspected and excluded in all children presenting with symptoms and signs of prolonged or severe acute liver disease. In AIH, the liver biopsy histopathology shows inflammation in addition to presence of serum autoimmune antibodies and increased levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG). Objectives: To investigate the situation of childhood autoimmune hepatitis in Bahrain and to compare it with other studies worldwide. Methods: A retrospective study describing the AIH pediatric cases diagnosed during the period of Jan 2005 to Dec 2009. We report the clinical, biochemical, histopathological, and immunological findings, mainly autoimmune profile, in addition to response to treatment, of Bahraini children with autoimmune hepatitis. Results: Five Bahraini children, three females and two males were diagnosed as autoimmune hepatitis during the study period. Their ages at presentation ranged from 9 to 15 (median 10.6) years. One of our patients had a fulminating type. Two had other autoimmune related conditions, namely autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis and ulcerative colitis. All were AIH type 1. Variable response to conventional immunosuppressive therapy was found, from an excellent response with good prognosis, to cirrhosis, hepatic failure and liver transplantation. Conclusion: Childhood AIH is a rare medical problem in Bahrain, with both sexes affected and a variable response to immunosuppressive therapy.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16743_27bc825240e05d6ee2ed8cb08543e8e8.pdf
2015-06-01
141
148
Autoimmune Hepatitis
Bahrain
children
Eman
Farid
efareed@health.gov.bh
1
Department of Pathology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama-Kingdom, Bahrain
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hasan
M Isa
2
Department of Pathology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama-Kingdom, Bahrain
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Al Nasef
3
Department of Pathology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama-Kingdom, Bahrain
AUTHOR
Rawia
Mohamed
4
Department of Pathology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama-Kingdom, Bahrain
AUTHOR
Huda
Jamsheer
5
Department of Pathology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama-Kingdom, Bahrain
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of HLA-DRB1 on Cholecystitis
Background: Cholecystitis is one of the major digestive diseases. Its prevalence is particularly high in some populations. Significant risk factors associated with cholecystitis include age, sex, obesity, diet, parity and type 2 diabetes. Objective: To determine the association between HLA-DRB1 and cholecystitis. Methods: This casecontrol study included forty Iraqi Arab patients who had cholecystitis with multiple calculi treated by cholecystectomy admitted in the surgical ward at Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital Baghdad between September -2013 to June -2014. The control group consisted of forty healthy volunteers among the staff of Al-Kindy College of Medicine. Control and cholecystitis patients groups were typed for identifying the DRB1* alleles using DNA-based methodology (PCR-SSOP). Results: There was an increased frequency of HLA-DRB1*0301 in patients with cholecystitis compared with healthy controls (p=0.0442, odd ratio=4.1111, 95% CI: 1.0372-16.2949). Conclusion: HLADRB1*0301, as a genetic factor, seems to have an association with cholecystitis.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16744_2a772ecdaffde63f079d3f2d3c673ebc.pdf
2015-06-01
149
155
Cholecystitis
Molecular
Genetic
Tawfik Jasim Mohammad
Al-Marzook
1
Department of Microbiology, Al-Kindy College of Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
AUTHOR
Batool
Mutar Mahdi
2
Department of Microbiology, Al-Kindy College of Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
AUTHOR
Hyam
Raouf
3
Department of Microbiology, Al-Kindy College of Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
AUTHOR
Haider Hashim
Zalzala
4
Department of Microbiology, Al-Kindy College of Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
AUTHOR
Laheeb
Ali Abid
5
Department of Microbiology, Al-Kindy College of Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
AUTHOR
Zena
Nehad
6
Department of Microbiology, Al-Kindy College of Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
AUTHOR