ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An Endogenous Immune Adjuvant Released by Necrotic Cells for Enhancement of DNA Vaccine Potency
Background: Improving vaccine potency in the induction of a strong cell-mediated cytotoxicity can enhance the efficacy of vaccines. Necrotic cells and the supernatant of necrotic tumor cells are attractive adjuvants, on account of their ability to recruit antigen-presenting cells to the site of antigen synthesis as well as its ability to stimulate the maturation of dendritic cells. Objective: To evaluate the utility of supernatant of necrotic tumor cells as a DNA vaccine adjuvant in a murine model. Method: The supernatant of EL4 necrotic cells was co-administered with a DNA vaccine expressing the glycoprotein B of Herpes simplex virus-1 as an antigen model under the control of Cytomegalovirus promoter. C57BL/6 mice were vaccinated three times at two weeks intervals with glycoprotein B DNA vaccine and supernatant of necrotic EL4 cells. Five days after the last immunization, cell cytotoxicity, IFN-γ and IL-4 were evaluated. Results: The obtained data showed that the production of IFN-γ from the splenocytes after antigenic stimulation in the presence of the supernatant of necrotic EL4 cells was significantly higher than the other groups (p<0.002). The flow cytometry results showed a significant increase in the apoptosis/necrosis of EL4 cells in the mice immunized with DNA vaccine and supernatant of necrotic EL4 cells comparing to the other groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: The supernatant of necrotic cells contains adjuvant properties that can be considered as a candidate for tumor vaccination.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16874_18109a6f4be2028aebd57581d180f3b0.pdf
2012-12-01
215
225
Adjuvant
DNA vaccine
Herpes Simplex Virus-1
Necrosis
Rohollah
Dorostkar
1
Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
AUTHOR
Taravat
Bamdad
bamdad_t@modares.ac.ir
2
Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Masoud
Parsania
3
Department of Microbiology, Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Hassan
Pouriayevali
4
Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
CCL22 16C/A Genetic Variation is not Associated with Breast Carcinoma in Southern Iranian Population
Background: CCL22/MDC is a CC chemokine with a critical role in regulation of the immune balance in physiological condition. CCL22/CCR-4 ligation has been documented to participate in the migration of regulatory T (Treg) cells and Th2 lymphocytes to the site of breast tumors; circumstances that are known to be associated with poor prognosis. Objective: To investigate the association of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in CCL22 gene; 16C/A (rs4359426; Asp2Ala), with susceptibility to breast cancer in a sample of Iranian population. Methods: 161 patients with pathologically confirmed breast carcinoma (mean age 49.3 ± 11.5 yrs) and 178 agematched healthy women (mean age: 49.3 ± 12.9 yrs) were studied. CCL22 genotypes were investigated by the Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Data was verified by direct automated sequencing. Arlequin analysis showed no deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Results: The most frequent genotype in both patient and control groups was wild type CC genotype with frequency of 146 out of 161 (90.7%) among patients and 153 out of 178 (86.0%) in control group (p=0.24). The frequency of CA genotype was 15 (9.3%) and 23 (12.9%) in patients and controls, respectively (p=0.38). No AA genotype was observed among patients but this genotype was observed with the frequency of 2 out of 178 (1.1%) in control subjects. The minor allele frequency (MAF) was 0.07 in the population. Conclusion: No correlation was found between the investigated genotypes and clinicopathological characteristics of the patients. Conclusively, results of this investigation do not support the association of 16C/A SNP (rs4359426; Asp2Ala) in CCL22 gene with susceptibility to, and progression of, breast cancer in Iranian population.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16875_339edf94416cd2c284e723b89508322d.pdf
2012-12-01
226
233
Breast cancer
CCL22/MDC
Immunology
Chemokine
Polymorphism
tumor
Nasrollah
Erfani
erfanin@sums.ac.ir
1
Cancer Immunology Research Group, Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz
AUTHOR
Faezeh
Moghaddasi-Sani
2
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Islamic Azad University-Science and Research Branch, Tehran
AUTHOR
Mahboubeh
Razmkhah
3
Cancer Immunology Research Group, Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Haghshenas
4
Cancer Immunology Research Group, Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz
AUTHOR
Abdolrasoul
Talaei
5
Department of Surgery
AUTHOR
Abbas
Ghaderi
ghaderia@sums.ac.ir
6
Cancer Immunology Research Group, Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Soluble CD30 in Normal Pregnancy Pre-Eclampsia and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss
Background: Normal pregnancy is thought to be dependent on Th2 deviation, while Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) and Pre-eclampsia (PE) appear to be biased toward the Th1 immune response. It is believed that the soluble form of CD30 (sCD30) is an index of Th2 immune response or modulator of Th1/Th2 responses. Objective: The aim of this study was determination of the sCD30 level in RPL and PE patients. Methods: The sCD30 level was measured in sera of a group of normal non-pregnant women (N=43) and compared with normal pregnancy at the first (N=42) and third (N=42) trimester. Furthermore, the level of sCD30 in the normal first and third trimester pregnancies were compared with that of RPL (N=38) and severe pre-eclamptic (N=41) patients, respectively. sCD30 levels were measured by ELISA method and student t-test was used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean level of sCD30 at the first trimester in normal pregnancy was significantly elevated as compared with normal non-pregnant women (21.4 vs. 15.2 ng/ml, p<0.0001). A significant difference between sCD30 concentration at the first and third trimester of normal pregnancies was also observed (21.4 vs. 14.3 ng/ml, p<0.0001). Interestingly, the sCD30 concentration did not show any significant changes at the first trimester of normal pregnancy as compared with RPL (21.4 vs. 20.9 ng/ml) and third trimester of normal pregnancy as compared with PE (14.3 vs. 13.1 ng/ml). Conclusion: The data of this study indicated that the concentration of sCD30 in serum during pregnancy period is not associated with RPL or PE and serum sCD30 is not a good correlate of Th2 immune responses in pregnancy.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16876_cf8e609c6da7860d9caa3e252b081915.pdf
2012-12-01
234
240
sCD30
Pre-eclampsia
Recurrent abortion
Behrouz
Gharesi-Fard
gharesifb@sums.ac.ir
1
Infertility Research Center
LEAD_AUTHOR
Leila
Jafarzadeh
2
Department of Immunology
AUTHOR
Jaleh
Zolghadri
3
Infertility Research Center
AUTHOR
Hossein
Haghbin
4
Infertility Research Center
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Anti-Cardiolipin and Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies in Iranian Patients with Behcet's Disease
Background: The prevalence of anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCAs) and anti-Cardiolipin Antibodies (anti-CL Ab) in Behcet’s Disease (BD) and also their roles in vascular involvement is controversial. Objective: To assess the prevalence of ANCAs and anti-CL Ab as well as their correlations with clinical manifestations in Iranian patients with BD. Methods: In this case/control study, the sera from 88 patients with BD and 88 healthy controls were evaluated. The levels of ANCAs and anti-CL Ab were measured using indirect ELISA method. Results: The levels of anti-CL, anti-PR3 and anti-MPO (Myeloperoxidase) IgG autoantibodies between BD patients and healthy controls were not statistically different (p=0.21, p=0.28 and p=0.74, respectively). In addition, there were no significant deferences between BD patients with and without vascular involvement in the levels of anti-CL (1.42 ± 1.24 GPLU/ml and 1.58 ± 1.18 GPLU/ml, respectively; p=0.71), anti-PR3 (0.0 ± 0.0 U/ml and 0.08 ± 0.27 U/ml, respectively; p=0.10) and anti MPO (0.48 ± 0.23 U/ml and 0.52 ± 0.22 U/ml, respectively; p=0.41) IgG autoantibodies. Nevertheless, mean titer of anti-CL IgG was higher in male patients with skin rash than those without skin rash (2.2 ± 0.88 GPLU/ml and 1.11 ± 1.22 GPLU/ml, respectively; p=0.017). Conclusion: While anti-CL, anti- PR3 and anti-MPO IgG autoantibodies do not play a major role in susceptibility to BD or pathogenesis of vascular involvement in our patients, anti-CL Ab might be involved in skin lesion development in Iranian male BD patients. However, the results should be confirmed in other studies.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16877_67a08084d009d214b03f0f248643c6fb.pdf
2012-12-01
241
247
ANCA
Anticardiolipin antibody
Behcet’s Disease
Mohammad Reza
Ataollahi
1
Depatrment of Immunology
AUTHOR
Elham
Aflaki
2
Department of Rheumatology
AUTHOR
Mohammad Ali
Nazarinia
3
Department of Rheumatology
AUTHOR
Saeedeh
Shenavandeh
4
Department of Rheumatology
AUTHOR
Zahra
Habibagahi
zagahi@sums.ac.ir
5
Department of Rheumatology
AUTHOR
Behrouz
Gharesi-Fard
gharesifb@sums.ac.ir
6
Depatrment of Immunology
AUTHOR
Eskandar
Kamali-Sarvestani
immunol2@sums.ac.ir
7
Depatrment of Immunology
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Cytokine Status in Ukrainian Children with Irritable Bowel Syndrome Residing in a Radioactive Contaminated Area
Background: The effect of low dose radiation on immune system is shown. Ionizing radiation can affect cytokine production and polarization of T helper cells. Objective: The current study focused on ionizing radiation in Ukrainian children residing in a contaminated area with clinical irritable bowel syndrome. Method: Our study included 75 rural children population aged 4-18 yrs, who lived in a contaminated area exposed to natural environmental radiation with clinical irritable bowel syndrome (categorized in three groups) and 20 rural children participants aged 5-15 yrs who were living in areas with similar levels of radioactive contamination without clinical irritable bowel syndrome as control group. Internal radiation activity was measured by gamma-ray spectrometry. Serum levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results: A trend towards increased levels of IL-4 was observed in children with clinical irritable bowel syndrome. In these children, IFN-γ levels were lower than that of the control group. Conclusion: The IBS symptoms in Ukrainian children residing in a contaminated area may have stemmed from Th1 to Th2 immune deviation and differential expression of IL-4 and IFN-γ.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16878_c615fbea7b3dc5d4b8b680ec348af306.pdf
2012-12-01
248
253
Chernobyl Children
Ionizing radiation
Th2 Response
Irritable bowel syndrome
Mohammad Reza
Sheikh Sajjadieh
mohammad_esfahan@yahoo.com
1
Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, National Medical Academy for Post Graduate Education
LEAD_AUTHOR
Larisa
Kuznetsova
2
Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, National Medical Academy for Post Graduate Education
AUTHOR
vadim
Bojenko
3
Ukrainian Specialized Dispensaries of Radiation Defend Population, Kiev, Ukraine
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Association of Haptoglobin Phenotypes with Serum Levels of IgE and IgA in Allergic Rhinitis Patients
Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an allergic disorder of the nasal tissue that underlies diseases such as sinusitis, otits and asthma. Different predisposing factors including immunological and non-immunological factors contribute to the disease pathogenesis. Objective: To investigate association of haptoglobin (Hp) phenotypes (Hp1-1, 2-1 and 2-2) with serum immunoglobulins A and E levels in patients suffering from AR in comparison with healthy individuals. Methods: Two hundred and forty patients and 240 healthy individual entered in this case-control study. Serum levels of IgE and IgA were measured and haptoglobulin phenotypes were determined by electrophoresis. The results were evaluated by χ2 statistical test using SPSS software. Results: Serum electrophoresis showed that the distribution of haptoglobin phenotypes of Hp1-1, Hp2-1 and Hp2-2 among 240 patients were 11.3%, 37.9% and 50.8%, respectively. The distribution of different haptoglobin phenotypes in healthy controls were 88.7%, 36.6% and 54.7%, respectively. However, the difference between patients and controls was not statistically significant (p=0.136). The mean of IgE level was significantly higher in patients than controls in association with all three phenotypes (p<0.001). Mean of IgA serum level was also significantly different between case and control groups for Hp1-1 (p<0.048) and Hp2-2 phenotypes (p<0.027). Conclusion: We conclude that there is an association of all three haptoglobin phenotypes with IgE level. Hp1-1 and Hp2-2 phenotypes showed association with IgA in allergic rhinitis, as well. However, we cannot solely attribute these associations to the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16879_f0421496eb677568a77afab2872a4cc2.pdf
2012-12-01
254
260
Allergic Rhinitis
Haptoglobin
IgA
IgE
Hossein Ali
Khazaei
1
Department of Immunology and Hematology, Cellular and Molecular Research Center
AUTHOR
Alireza
Nakhaei
2
Department of Biochemistry
AUTHOR
Golam Ali
Dashti
3
Department of ENT
AUTHOR
Mehdi
Mohammadi
4
Department of Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
AUTHOR
Fariba
Hejazenia
5
Department of Immunology and Hematology, Cellular and Molecular Research Center
AUTHOR
Noura
Mehrangeez
6
Department of Biochemistry
AUTHOR
Amin
Khazaei
7
Department of Immunology and Hematology, Cellular and Molecular Research Center
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Elevated Levels of Interleukin-23 in Sera of Patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris
Background: Pemphigus vulgaris, a chronic mucocutaneous disease, is the most prevalent type of pemphigus which manifests with development of bullae and erosions on skin and mucosal membranes. Objectives: To investigate the potential role of IL-23 in pemphigus vulgaris. Methods: In this study, 30 patients with pemphigus vulgaris and 30 healthy individuals were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Measurement of IL-23 serum levels in blood samples was conducted by ELISA. Data was analyzed using Student’s t-test for comparison of IL-23 levels between the two groups. Results: Mean serum levels of IL-23 in patients with pemphigus and healthy controls were 25.1 ± 4.2 and 17.9 ± 4.7 pg/ml, respectively (p<0.05). Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, serum levels of IL-23 were higher in patients with pemphigus in comparison to healthy individuals with no clinical significance.
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16880_1515cf78ed76da64b0336c1d188d606f.pdf
2012-12-01
261
265
autoimmune disease
Interleukin-23
Pemphigus Vulgaris
Firouz
Pouralibaba
1
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry
AUTHOR
Zohreh
Babaloo
zbabaloo@tbzmed.ac.ir
2
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
Farzaneh
Pakdel
farzaneh_pakdel@yahoo.com
3
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry
LEAD_AUTHOR
Tahmoores
Abdollahian
4
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry
AUTHOR
Solmaz
Pourzare
5
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comment on: Clinical, Histopathological and Immunofluorescent Findings of IgA Nephropathy
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16881_993d5353d027e0da774ae071d24cb209.pdf
2012-12-01
266
267
Hamid
Nasri
hamidnasri@med.mui.ac.ir
1
Department of Nephrology, Division of Nephropathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR