Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research
Iranian Journal of Immunology
1735-1383
1735-367X
4
2
2007
06
01
Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptors Influence the Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses
61
78
EN
Raja
Rajalingam
UCLA Immunogenetics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of
Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles
rrajalingam@mednet.ucla.edu
Natural killer (NK) cells are a subset of lymphocytes which play a crucial role in early innate immune response against infection and tumor transformation. Furthermore, they secrete interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) prompting adaptive immu-nity. NK cells distinguish the unhealthy cells from the healthy ones through an array of cell-surface receptors. Human NK cells use inhibitory and activating killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIR) as primary probe to discriminate between healthy and unhealthy cells. The inhibitory KIRs recognize HLA class I molecules and trigger signals that stop NK killing. The activating KIRs are believed to recognize the determinants associated with infections and tumors, and trigger signals that activate NK killing. Therefore, the effec-tor function of a given NK cell depends upon the receptors that it expresses and ligands that it recognizes on the targets. Genes encoding KIRs and HLA ligands are located on different chromosomes, and vary in number and type. The independent segregation of KIR and HLA genes results in variable KIR-HLA combinations in individuals, which may determine the individual’s immunity and susceptibility to disease.
NK Cells,innate immunity,HLA,KIR,Polymorphism
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_17182.html
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_17182_86101213bf09537e316187563f6698b9.pdf
Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research
Iranian Journal of Immunology
1735-1383
1735-367X
4
2
2007
06
01
Positional Relationship between Natural Killer Cells and Distribution of Sympathetic Nerves in Decidualized Mouse Uterus
79
84
EN
Abdolkarim
Sheikhi
Departments of Immunology
sheikhi@queensu.ca
Hossein B.
Ganji
and Anatomy, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical
Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
Razieh
Sheikhi
Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tehran
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
<b>Background</b>: Uterine natural killer (uNK) cells are the most abundant leukocytes in pre-implantation endometrium and early pregnancy deciduas in humans and rodents. They are associated with structural changes in maternal spiral arteries but regulation of their re-cruitment and activation is incompletely understood. The major subpopulation of uNK cells in humans expresses CD56, the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)-1 while their counterpart in mouse expresses asialoGM1, a brain ganglioside. Sympathetic nerves ex-press NCAM-1 which mediates homotypic binding. Sympathetic fibers innervate the me-sometrial vasculature but their relationship to the myometrial and decidual uNK cell re-cruitment is unknown. <br/><b>Objective</b>: The present study aims to explore positional relation-ship between natural killer cells and distribution of nerves in decidualized mouse uterus. <br/><b>Methods</b>: Immunohistochemistry and mRNA expression for the enzyme tyrosine hy-droxylase were used to map sympathetic nerve fibre distribution within C57BL/6 implan-tation sites and to address a relationship with uNK cells. <br/><b>Results</b>: Tyrosine hydroxylase positive neurons were identified in the mesometrium closely associated with uterine arter-ies. Staining became gradually vanished as the nerves crossed the myometrium and en-tered the decidualized uterus. No neuronal stain was associated with the spiral arteries. Periodic Acid Schiff’s reactive uNK cells were absent from the mesentery, but abundant in decidua basalis where they are associated with non-innervated vessels. <br/><b>Conclusion</b>: Data suggest that the recruitment of uNK progenitor cells to the uterus is unlikely to be dependent on signaling by the sympathetic nervous system
Uterine NK cell,Deciduas,Spiral Artery,Tyrosine Hydroxylase,Sympathetic Nerves
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_17183.html
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_17183_a4fcce60cf3fab3c619f3b61fa0b5952.pdf
Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research
Iranian Journal of Immunology
1735-1383
1735-367X
4
2
2007
06
01
HLA class II Genetic Diversity in Arabs and Jews of Iran
85
93
EN
Shirin
Farjadian
0000-0002-1369-8466
Department of Immunology and
farjadsh@sums.ac.ir
Abbas
Ghaderi
0000-0003-0849-3375
Department of Immunology and
ghaderia@sums.ac.ir
<b>Background</b>: Anthropological studies based on highly polymorphic HLA genes pro-vide useful information for bone marrow donor registry, forensic medicine, disease as-sociation studies, as well as designing peptide vaccines against tumors, and infectious or autoimmune diseases. <br/><b>Objective</b>: This study was designed to investigate the genetic relationship of Iranian Arabs and Jews using HLA-class II genetic diversity <br/><b>Methods</b>: HLA-DRB1, DQA1, and DQB1 allele frequencies and haplotypes were determined in 134 Iranian Arabs from two different communities and 91 Iranian Jews using PCR/RFLP and PCR/SSP methods. <br/><b>Results</b>: Neighbor-joining analyses showed a closer genetic relationship between Iranian Arabs and Iranian Jews than between either Iranian Arabs and Middle Eastern Arabs or Iranian Jews and other Jews. The results of AMOVA test also revealed no significant difference between these populations and other Iranians. <br/><b>Conclusion</b>: It seems that, Iranian Arabs are originally from the Iranian gene pool and speak Arabic due to their encounter with Arabs. Iranian gene flow to im-migrant Jews followed by their expansion in this country may also explain the close ge-netic relationship among different Iranian ethnic groups.
HLA polymorphism,Arabs,Jews,Iran
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_17184.html
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_17184_c35f9f06a83fefdcb1917bf7e13f850b.pdf
Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research
Iranian Journal of Immunology
1735-1383
1735-367X
4
2
2007
06
01
Association between HLA-DRB1*01 and HLA-Cw*08 and Outcome Following HTLV-I Infection
94
100
EN
Houshang
Rafatpanah
Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
houshang.rafatpanah@manchester.ac.uk
Vera
Pravica
Immunology Research Group, Faculty of Life sciences, The University of Manchester, UK
Reza
FaridHosseini
Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Abbas
Tabatabaei
Ghaem
Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Wiliam
Ollier
Center for Integrated Genomic
Medical Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Kay
Poulton
Transplantation Laboratory, Central
Manchester, Healthcare Trust, Manchester, UK
Wendy
Thomson
ARC Epidemiology Unit, The University of Manchester,
Manchester, UK
Ian
Hutchinson
Immunology Research Group, Faculty of Life sciences, The University of Manchester, UK
<b>Background</b>: Human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopa-thy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is an inflammatory disease which occurs in less than 2% of HTLV-I -infected individuals. High proviral load, high HTLV-I-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte frequency (CTL) and host genetic factors such as HLA all appear to be associated with HTLV-I infection. Previous studies have shown that HLA-DRB1*01 increases the risk of HAM/TSP in Japanese HTLV-I infected individu-als. <br/><b>Objective</b>: To investigate the association between HLA class II DRB1 alleles and HLA class I alleles (HLA-Cw*08, B54, A*02 and A-30) in HTLV-I infected individu-als in Mashhad. <br/><b>Methods</b>: Here we determined the frequency of HLA class II DRB1, using INNO-LIPA reverse hybridization line probe assay, and HLA class I alleles (HLA-Cw*08,B54, A*02 and A-30) by PCR-SSCP method in healthy controls, HAM/TSP patients and HTLV-I infected individuals born and resident in Mashhad. <br/><b>Results</b>: The frequency of HLA-DRB1*01 alleles in this population was different from other areas of Iran. The frequency of HLA-DRB1*01 was significantly increased in HAM/TSP patients compared with carriers (p 0.028; OR=9.4). The frequency of HLA-Cw*08 was also significantly increased in HAM/TSP patients compared with controls (p=0.03; OR=13.5). <br/><b>Conclusion</b>: Our results may suggest that possession of HLA-DRB1*01 increases the risk of HAM/TSP in HTLV-I-infected individuals and HLA-Cw*08 correlates with low CTL immune response in HAM/TSP patients.
HLA,HTLV-I,HAM/TSP
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_17185.html
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_17185_764018dea39fefd7984b89181857062f.pdf
Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research
Iranian Journal of Immunology
1735-1383
1735-367X
4
2
2007
06
01
Immunogenicity of a Triple Diphtheria-Tetanus-Whole Cell Pertussis Vaccine in Iranian Preschool Children
101
109
EN
Saeed
Zarei
Monoclonal Antibody Research Center
Mahmood
Jeddi-Tehrani
0000-0002-8831-4711
Monoclonal Antibody Research Center
mahjed@avicenna.ac.ir
Mohammad Mehdi
Akhondi
Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center and
Hojjat
Zeraati
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and
Tahere
Kheirkhah
Deputy of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, Iran
Morteza
Ghazanfari
Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avesina Research Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education,
Culture & Research, Tehran, Iran
Fazel
Shokri
Monoclonal Antibody Research Center
fshokri@sina.tums.ac.ir
<b>Background</b>: Immunization against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis has been applied in Iran since 1950. WHO suggests periodical evaluation of effectiveness of the triple diphtheria-tetanus-whole cell pertussis (DTwP) vaccine, worldwide. <br/><b>Objectives</b>: To determine the immunogenicity of locally manufactured DTwP vaccine administered to preschool children in a number of health centers of Tehran in 2006. <br/><b>Methods</b>: In this prospective study, 350 children aged 4-6 years were injected with DTwP vaccine manu-factured by Razi Institute of Iran. Blood samples were collected before and 2-4 weeks after the vaccination. The immunogenicity of the vaccine was assayed by measurement of specific antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. <br/><b>Results</b>: Of the 337 children who were vaccinated, 99.4% and 100% had protective anti-diphtheria and anti-tetanus antibody titers, respectively. The vaccine response and seroconversion for pertussis was achieved in 70.3% of the subjects. The geometric mean titers (GMT) of the antibodies produced against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis by DTwP vaccine were 7.76, 9.37 IU/ml and 30.20 EU/ml after booster vaccine dose, respectively. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Comparison of the results obtained from this study with those of previous studies performed in other countries reveals that immunogenicity of diphtheria and tetanus components is similar to other vaccines, but the immunogenicity of pertussis vaccine was less efficient. The lower immunogenicity of DTwP against pertussis may be related to the bacterial strain used or the formulation protocol adopted for the vaccine preparation.
Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine,Immunization,ELISA
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_17186.html
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_17186_f15fd0db651386b1df873859fa562f0d.pdf
Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research
Iranian Journal of Immunology
1735-1383
1735-367X
4
2
2007
06
01
Sex Hormones and Peripheral White Blood Cell Subsets in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients
110
115
EN
Maryam
Rastin
Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Medical School, Mashhad University of Medical
Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Mohammad Reza
Hatef
Rheumatology Section, Emam Reza Hospital, Medical School, Mashhad
University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Nafise
Tabasi
Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Medical School, Mashhad University of Medical
Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Akram
Sheikh
Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Medical School, Mashhad University of Medical
Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Javid Morad
Abbasi
Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Medical School, Mashhad University of Medical
Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Mahmoud
Mahmoudi
Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Medical School, Mashhad University of Medical
Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
mahmoud_110@yahoo.com
<b>Background</b>: Systemic Lupus Eyrythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease charac-terized by antibodies to nuclear antigens, particularly anti-dsDNA. Imbalance between production and destruction of immune cells causes cytopenia. Sex hormones have im-munomodulatory effects; estrogen increases the production of autoantibodies in SLE prone NZB/NZW mice. <br/><b>Objective</b>: To investigate the relationship between sex hor-mones, anti-dsDNA, and lymphocyte subsets in Iranian patients with SLE. <br/><b>Methods</b>: 38 SLE patients (28 females and 10 males) meeting 4 of 11 ACR revised criteria for SLE classification, and 20 age and sex matched healthy individuals (10 females and 10 males) participated in this study. Lymphocyte subsets were analyzed using flow cy-tometric analysis. Serum anti-dsDNA levels and sex hormones concentrations were de-termined using commercial ELISA and RIA kits, respectively. <br/><b>Results</b>: The absolute count of white blood cells, lymphocytes, T lymphocytes (CD3+), T helper cells (CD3+CD4+), B cells (CD19+) and Nk cells (CD3- CD16+CD56+) in SLE patients di-minished significantly in comparison to control group (p<0.05). IgG anti-dsDNA anti-body levels were significantly higher in patients compared to controls as expected (p<0.05). Prolactin increased significantly, while DHEAS showed a significant decrease in SLE patients compared with the controls (p<0.05), however the level of estrogen did not have any significant difference in SLE patients in comparison to controls. <br/><b>Conclusion</b>: Increased concentration of prolactin together with a simultaneous decrease in serum DHEAS in SLE patients are associated with anti-dsDNA elevation and a decrease in almost all lymphocyte subsets.
SLE,Anti-dsDNA,Estrogen,Progestrone,Prolactin,DHEAS
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_17187.html
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_17187_7c815d7e4320158899bacc200ce0359f.pdf
Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research
Iranian Journal of Immunology
1735-1383
1735-367X
4
2
2007
06
01
Comparison of Serological Methods (ELISA, DAT and IFA) for Diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis Utilizing an Endemic Strain
116
121
EN
Fattaneh
Mikaeili
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences,
Shiraz, Iran
Mahdi
Fakhar
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences,
Shiraz, Iran
Bahador
Sarkari
0000-0003-2045-9057
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences,
Yasuj, Iran
sarkarib@sums.ac.ir
Mohammad H.
Motazedian
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences,
Shiraz, Iran
Gholamreza
Hatam
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences,
Shiraz, Iran
hatamghr@sums.ac.ir
<b>Background</b>: The causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Iran is Leishmania infantum (L. infantum) (Mediterranean type) and its major reservoir host is the dog. Ob-jective: To compare the serological methods including direct agglutination test (DAT), indirect immunofluorescent-antibody test (IFA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent as-say (ELISA) for serodiagnosis of endemic strain of L. infantum. <br/><b>Methods</b>: 61 blood samples from VL patients referred to Shiraz hospitals and 49 blood samples from con-trol group were collected. Native strain of the parasite isolated from a VL patient from the region was cultured and characterized. Antigens from this L. infantum parasite were used in ELISA and IFA system. <br/><b>Results</b>: Anti-Leishmania antibody was detected in 43 (70.5%), 49 (80.3%) and 51(83.6%) cases using DAT, IFA and ELISA, respectively. Based on these results, sensitivity and specificity of DAT was found to be 70.5% and 100%, respectively. Sensitivities of IFA and ELISA in diagnosis of VL were 80.3% and 83.6% and their specificity was 90.5%. <br/><b>Conclusion</b>: Results of this study showed that DAT and ELISA have the highest specificity and sensitivity in diagnosis of VL. DAT is a simple, cost-effective and field applicable test. Thus, it can be recommended for early and accurate diagnosis of VL, especially in regions where malaria, brucellosis and tu-berculosis are prevalent.
visceral leishmaniasis,ELISA,IFA,DAT
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_17188.html
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_17188_7dc251465eee0b682f204f77c6dda546.pdf
Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research
Iranian Journal of Immunology
1735-1383
1735-367X
4
2
2007
06
01
Perforin Gene Analaysis in an Iranian Family with Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
122
126
EN
Hamid
Galehdari
Department of Genetics, School of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz, Iran
Ebrahim
Mohammadi
Department of
Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahwaz Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences,
Iran
emohammaditox2007@gmail.com
Behnaz
Andashti
Department of Genetics, School of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz, Iran
Ali
Naderi
Research center for Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy of Ahwaz
Mohammad Ali
Molavi
Research center for Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy of Ahwaz
Perforin gene (PRF1) mutations have been reported in 20-30% of patients with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL), an immune disorder of infancy and early childhood. Cytotoxic T and natural killer (NK) cell activities are remarkably reduced or ab-sent in FHL patients. We report the first cases of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocy-tosis in an Iranian family with two siblings. Exons 2 and 3 of the PRF1 gene were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and direct sequencing. Perforin gene mu-tation(s) were detected in none of the cases. The result of our study indicates that not much evidence is present concerning a correlation between perforin gene defects and familial he-mophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis etiology in these cases.
Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis,Perforin gene,Cytotoxic T lymphocytes
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_17189.html
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_17189_acd735d10ef8b920b6ab8adbf4e52333.pdf