2024-03-28T15:35:00Z
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=3216
Iranian Journal of Immunology
Iran.J.Immunol
1735-1383
1735-1383
2014
11
2
CTL Responses to DCs Stimulated with Leishmania Antigens Detected by DCs Expressing Leishmania gp63
Hossein
Rezvan
Ali
Khodadadi
Selman
Ali
Background: Leishmania is a pathogenic parasite which infects mononuclear cells in vertebrate hosts. Different strategies have been taken to develop immunity against Leishmania . DCs loaded with immunogenic antigen have resulted in different levels of Th1-type immune response and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) activity. Objective: To evaluate the potency of DCs primed with soluble Leishmania mexicana antigens (SLA) in developing CTL activity. Methods: DCs were loaded with SLA and injected to Balb/c mice. After two weeks the mice were sacrificed and their splenocytes were used as effector cells in a standard 4-hour cytotoxicity assay against DCs transfected with pcDNA3 containing L. mexicana gp63 gene. Results: Immunization of Balb/c mice with DCs loaded with SLA resulted in high levels of CTL activity against DCs transfected with pcDNA3 containing L. mexicana gp63 gene. Conclusions: The results indicate a high potency for DCs primed with Leishmania antigens in inducing CTL activity, which can be used for developing an immunogenic vaccine against Leishmania.
Balb/c
Cytotoxicity
DCs
gp63
Leishmania
2014
06
01
65
73
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16767_ff1ea16c3ad0c052354ed79fec16ee6b.pdf
Iranian Journal of Immunology
Iran.J.Immunol
1735-1383
1735-1383
2014
11
2
Toll Like Receptor 2 and 4 Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Multiple Sclerosis Patients
Seyed Javad
Hasheminia
Sayyed Hamid
Zarkesh-Esfahani
Sepideh
Tolouei
Vahid
Shaygannejad
Hedaiatallah
Shirzad
Morteza
Hashemzadeh Chaleshtory
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a T cell mediated autoimmune disease with unknown etiology. Appropriate MS therapeutic strategies need thorough understanding of both disease etiology and pathogenesis mechanisms. Ligation of TLR-2 and TLR-4 stimulates the production of several cytokines leading to CNS autoimmunity and neurodegenerative diseases. Objective: To find a relationship between MS disability and TLR-2 and TLR-4 expression on mononuclear cells in the blood of MS patients. Methods: Forty-five new case (NC) MS patients (33 females and 12 males) and 45 age and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited to the study. PBMCs were prepared and the expressions of TLR-2 and TLR-4 were assessed by flowcytometry technique using appropriate monoclonal antibodies. Results: Our results showed that the expression of TLR-2 and TLR-4 proteins in the patients group was significantly higher than that of healthy controls. TLR-2 but not TLR-4 was correlated with expanded disability status scale (EDSS) scores. Conclusion: High expressions of TLR-2 and TLR-4 may represent a state of innate immune activation in patients with MS.
Multiple Sclerosis
TLR-2
TLR-4
PBMC
2014
06
01
74
83
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16768_9c34b0fbdfe38824c25a1290ba627dd5.pdf
Iranian Journal of Immunology
Iran.J.Immunol
1735-1383
1735-1383
2014
11
2
Increase of CD69, CD161 and CD94 on NK Cells in Women with Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion and in Vitro Fertilization Failure
Mehri
Ghafourian
Najmeh
Karami
Ali
Khodadadi
Roshan
Nikbakhat
Background: Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) failure with unknown causes are the controversial issues that are probably related to the immune system. Objective: To compare circulating NK cells expressing activation and inhibition surface markers between patients with RSA and IVF failure with those of healthy multiparous and successful IVF control women, respectively. Methods: In this case-control study peripheral blood samples were collected from 43 patients who included 23 women with RSA and 20 with IVF failure, plus 43 healthy control women comprising of 36 normal multiparous women and seven women with successful IVF. The expression of CD69, CD94 and CD161 surface markers on CD56+NK cells were assessed using specific monoclonal antibodies by flowcytometry. Results: The percentage of NK cells increased significantly in patients with RSA and in women with IVF failure in comparison to healthy multiparous and successful IVF control groups (p<0.001). The overall expression of CD69, CD94, CD161 were also increased significantly on NK cells in both patient groups compared to control groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: Elevated expression of CD69 and CD161 on NK cells can be considered as immunological risk markers in RSA and IVF failure. However, it is not clear if high expression of CD94 on peripheral blood NK cells is related to abnormal activity of endometrial NK cells.
Activation Receptor
IVF Failure
NK cell
RSA
2014
06
01
84
96
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16769_47b429485590b6346bf4aadd55d8cd24.pdf
Iranian Journal of Immunology
Iran.J.Immunol
1735-1383
1735-1383
2014
11
2
IL-6, IL-10 and IL-17 Gene Polymorphisms in Iranian Women with Recurrent Miscarriage
Motahareh
Bahadori
Saeed
Zarei
Amir Hassan
Zarnani
Omid
Zarei
Farah
Idali
Reza
Hadavi
Mahmood
Jeddi-Tehrani
Background: Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and polymorphisms of their genes have been described to be involved in the pathogenesis of recurrent miscarriage (RM). Objective: To investigate the association between RM and five polymorphisms of cytokine genes, interleukin 10 (IL-10), (-592 A/C, -819 C/T, -1082 A/G), IL-6 (-174 C/G) and IL-17 (-197 G/A) in Iranian women. Method: Polymerase chain reaction -restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was performed to determine the frequencies of the IL-6, IL-10 and IL-17 gene polymorphisms in 85 women with RM compared with 104 healthy controls. Results: The frequencies of IL- 10 promoter gene polymorphisms (-592 A/C and -819 C/T) were significantly higher in RM women than those in controls (p=0.003). However, no statistically significant differences were observed in the frequencies of IL-6 (-174 C/G), IL-10 (-1082 A/G) and IL-17 (-197 G/A) polymorphisms between RM women and controls. Conclusion: These results suggest that IL-10 gene polymorphism screening might have some relevance in patients with RM, a suggestion which requires further studies.
Cytokine
Gene Polymorphism
PCR-RFLP
Recurrent Miscarriage
2014
06
01
97
104
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16770_f3496520f99b1a38f509ff21368eb629.pdf
Iranian Journal of Immunology
Iran.J.Immunol
1735-1383
1735-1383
2014
11
2
FoxP3+ Regulatory T Cells in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Nasrollah
Erfani
Mahboobeh
Hamedi-Shahraki
Somayeh
Rezaeifard
Mohammadreza
Haghshenas
Manoochehr
Rasouli
Alamtaj
Samsami Dehaghani
Background: Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of death from malignancy in women. CD4 +CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells are a subset of T lymphocytes with great inhibitory impact on immune response. Objectives: To investigate the percentage of CD4 +CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells in the peripheral blood of the Iranian patients with epithelial ovarian cancer compared to healthy women and to evaluate the correlation of the Treg cell percentage with clinicopathological characteristics including cancer stage and CA-125 serum level. Methods: Seventeen women with epithelial ovarian cancer and 20 healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stained at the surface, for CD4 and CD25 molecules, followed by fixation, permeabilization and intracellular staining for FoxP3 molecule. After processing and flowcytometry analysis, prevalence of Treg cells was determined as the percentages of CD25 +FoxP3+ cells among CD4+ lymphocytes. Results: Despite no difference in the percentage of total CD4+ lymphocytes, analysis indicated that Treg cell percentage was significantly higher in ovarian cancer patients than controls (5.7 ± 3.1% versus 2.8 ± 1.4%, p=0.002). A trend toward higher Treg cells was observed in higher stages of ovarian cancer (III+IV) in comparison to lower stages (I+II) (6.5 ± 3.2% vs. 4.44 ± 2.7%, p=0.2). Higher percentage of Treg cells was also observed in the patients with high CA125 (CA-125 >100 U/mL) in comparison to those with low CA-125 serum level (CA-125 ≤100 U/mL) although the difference was not significant (6.44 versus 4.18%, p=0.19). Conclusion: Increased frequency of Tregs in ovarian cancer might participate in immune suppression in these patients. The findings collectively suggest the likely impact of Treg cell–targeted immunotherapy in ovarian cancer.
Flowcytometry
Ovarian Cancer
Treg
2014
06
01
105
112
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16771_c6b88d8123e431a801d11838e07f1955.pdf
Iranian Journal of Immunology
Iran.J.Immunol
1735-1383
1735-1383
2014
11
2
Propylene-Glycol Aggravates LPS-Induced Sepsis through Production of TNF-α and IL-6
Annamaria
Marton
Csongor
Kolozsi
Erzsebet
Kusz
Zoltan
Olah
Tamas
Letoha
Csaba
Vizler
Laszlo
Pecze
Background : Propylene glycol (1,2-propanediol, PG) is a commonly used solvent for oral, intravenous, as well as topical pharmaceutical preparations. While PG is generally considered to be safe, it has been known that large intravenous doses given over a short period of time can be toxic. Objective: To evaluate the effect of PG in sepsis induced by the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods: Balb/c mice were treated with LPS (1 mg/kg b.w., i.p.) with or without PG (5 g/kg b.w. i.v.). The survival rate and the production of inflammatory cytokines were measured. In RAW264.7 mouse macrophages encoding NF- B-luc reporter gene, the nuclear transcription factor kappa- B (NF- B) activation was measured. Results: We found that intravenous PG increased the mortality rate in sepsis induced by the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. In accordance with that, PG enhanced LPS -induced production of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF -α) and interleukin-6 (IL -6) in vivo. PG also increased the LPS-induced macrophage activation in vitro as detected by measuring NF- B activation. Conclusion: Our results indicate that drugs containing high doses of PG can pose a risk when administered to patients suffering from or prone to Gram negative bacterial infection.
Inflammation
NF-KB
Propylene-Glycol
Sepsis
2014
06
01
113
122
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16772_5a9c8861c95db295aed3b1c25429dfb4.pdf
Iranian Journal of Immunology
Iran.J.Immunol
1735-1383
1735-1383
2014
11
2
Morbidity and Mortality of Iranian Patients with Hyper IgM Syndrome: a Clinical Analysis
Hassan
Abolhassani
Fatemeh
Akbari
Babak
Mirminachi
Saeed
Bazregari
Ehsan
Hedayat
Nima
Rezaei
Asghar
Aghamohammadi
Background: Defects in B cell class switch recombination (CSR) are a heterogeneous and yet very uncommon group of disorders which all have a genetic basis uniformly leading to hyper IgM (HIgM) syndrome. Due to the rare frequency of these conditions, a very small number of case series have been conducted on the affected patients. Objective: To shed some light on the morbidity and mortality regarding a relatively large cohort of diagnosed CSR defective Iranian patients. Methods: This study was performed using demographic information, laboratory findings and clinical data obtained from an observation of 33 Iranian patients of different ethnicities referred from all medical centers of Iran to the Children’s Medical Center Hospital, pediatrics center of excellence, Tehran, Iran; of which 28 were males and 5 were females. Results: Our patients mean age at the onset of symptoms was 1.8 ± 0.2 years; they were diagnosed with a mean delay of 4.4 ± 3.3 years and followed for a mean time of 5.7 ± 4.8 years. The most prominent clinical features observed were multi-organ infections, affecting mostly the respiratory system, followed by lymphoproliferative and autoimmune disorders, the latter being of much higher frequency (44%) in our study than the reported frequency in previous reports. The three year survival rate for our enrolled patients was 67.9%. Conclusions: Based on our findings, the most common cause of death in HIgM patients is respiratory failure. The molecular mechanism behind the nature of the CSR defective patients in Iran is more compatible with autosomal recessive mutations rather than X-linked HIgM syndrome which is in contrast with other large cohorts of patients with CSR defect.
Class Switch Recombination
Clinical Manifestation
Hyper IgM Syndrome
2014
06
01
123
133
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16773_228f698cc518b237458af246bf53faad.pdf
Iranian Journal of Immunology
Iran.J.Immunol
1735-1383
1735-1383
2014
11
2
Correlation of Midkine Serum Level with Pro- and Anti-Inflamatory Cytokines in Multiple Sclerosis
Vahid
Shaygannejad
Saeed
Montazeri
Azam
Jamshidian
Soheil
Tahani
Marjan
Gharagozloo
Fereshteh
Ashtari
Sahar
Vesal
Seyed Javad
Hasheminia
Leila
Dehghani
Background: Midkine (MK) is a heparin-binding growth factor with promoting effects in inflammatory responses through enhancing leukocytes migration. Objective: To study the correlation between MK serum levels and concentration of inflammatory cytokines in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. Methods: We evaluated the MK level and its relationship with inflammatory cytokines (IL-17 and IL-23) and antiinflammatory ones (IL-10 and TGF-β) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. The serum concentrations of MK and cytokines were assessed by ELISA in 32 MS patients in comparison with 32 healthy subjects. Results: Our data showed that the MK concentration in MS patients is lower than healthy controls (341.15 ± 40.71 Pg/ml vs. 620.15 ± 98.61 Pg/ml, respectively, p=0.015). We also observed a significant decrease in IL-10, IL-23, and TGF-β cytokine levels in MS patients. There was a significant correlation between MK and IL-23 concentrations in our study (r = +0.829, p≤0.001). Conclusion: These results confirm a role for MK in inflammatory reactions in MS.
IL-10
IL-17
IL-23
Midkine
Multiple Sclerosis
TGF-β
2014
06
01
134
138
https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_16774_4313e2d195333292bf720431b337764e.pdf