Danesh Hassani; Mohammad Mehdi Amiri; Faezeh Maghsood; Vahid Salimi; Gholam Ali Kardar; Omid Barati; Seyed Mohammad Reza Hashemian; Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani; Amir-Hassan Zarnani; Fazel Shokri
Abstract
Background: Incidence and severity of SARS-CoV2 infection are significantly lower in children and teenagers proposing that certain vaccines, routinely administered to neonates and children may provide cross-protection against this emerging infection. Objective: To assess the cross-protection induced ...
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Background: Incidence and severity of SARS-CoV2 infection are significantly lower in children and teenagers proposing that certain vaccines, routinely administered to neonates and children may provide cross-protection against this emerging infection. Objective: To assess the cross-protection induced by prior measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccinations against COVID-19. Methods: The antibody responses to MMR and tetanus vaccines were determined in 53 patients affected with SARS-CoV2 infection and 52 age-matched healthy subjects. Serum levels of antibodies specific for NP and RBD of SARS-CoV2 were also determined in both groups of subjects with ELISA. Results: Our results revealed significant differences in anti-NP (p <0.0001) and anti-RBD (p <0.0001) IgG levels between patients and healthy controls. While the levels of rubella- and mumps specific IgG were not different in the two groups of subjects, measles-specific IgG was significantly higher in patients (p <0.01). The serum titer of anti-tetanus antibody, however, was significantly lower in patients compared to healthy individuals (p <0.01). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that measles vaccination triggers those B cells cross-reactive with SARS-CoV2 antigens leading to the production of increased levels of measles-specific antibody.
Reza Hosseini-Ghatar; Tahereh Soltantoyeh; Motahareh Bahadori; Jalal Khoshnoodi; Forough Golsaz-Shirazi; Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani; Mohammad Mehdi Amiri; Fazel Shokri
Volume 14, Issue 3 , September 2017, , Pages 200-214
Abstract
Background: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) has a crucial role in several malignancies. The extracellular domain of HER2 (HER2-ECD) has been extensively employed as an important target in passive and active immunotherapy. Isolated recombinant prokaryotic HER2-ECD subdomains were previously ...
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Background: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) has a crucial role in several malignancies. The extracellular domain of HER2 (HER2-ECD) has been extensively employed as an important target in passive and active immunotherapy. Isolated recombinant prokaryotic HER2-ECD subdomains were previously found to be ineffective in inducing anti-tumor antibody response. Objective: To employ recombinant eukaryotic HER2-ECD subdomains to raise anti-HER2 antibodies and determine their anti-tumor activity in vitro. Methods: Two paired subdomains of HER2-ECD (DI+II and DIII+IV), representing Pertuzumab and Trastuzumab binding domains, respectively, along with the full extracellular domain of HER2 were generated in CHO-K1 cells. Polyclonal antibodies were raised against these subdomains and characterized using ELISA, flow cytometry, and immunoblot and their anti-tumor activity was assessed by XTT assay. The cross-reactivity of these antibodies was specified along with other members of the human HER family. Results: Similar to Trastuzumab and anti-HER2-ECD antibody, anti-DI+II and DIII+IV polyclonal antibodies reacted with recombinant HER2-ECD and native HER2 expressed on tumor cells. These two polyclonal antibodies were able to inhibit the binding of Pertuzumab and Trastuzumab to HER2, respectively, and did not cross-react with other members of HER family. These antibodies were able to inhibit tumor cell growth in vitro, similar to Trastuzumab. Conclusion: The high immunogenicity of human HER2 DI+II and DIII+IV subdomains in rabbits and the tumor inhibitory activity of the purified specific antibodies imply that they might be suitable for active immunotherapy in formulation with appropriate adjuvants and in combination with other HER2 specific therapeutics.
Fateme Sadri-Ardalani; Moslem Ahmadi; Azam Hemmati; Shaghayegh Emami; Samira Farid; Mohammad Mehdi Amiri; Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani; Mahdi Shabani; Fazel Shokri
Volume 14, Issue 2 , June 2017, , Pages 99-110
Abstract
Background: In addition to passive immunotherapy using anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies, active immunotherapy via HER2 targeting is an interesting approach to inducing specific anti-tumor immune responses. We have recently reported the immunogenicity of HER2 subdomains following DNA immunization and HER2 ...
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Background: In addition to passive immunotherapy using anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies, active immunotherapy via HER2 targeting is an interesting approach to inducing specific anti-tumor immune responses. We have recently reported the immunogenicity of HER2 subdomains following DNA immunization and HER2 protein boosting. In the present study, we evaluated the immunogenicity of different HER2 extracellular subdomains for the induction of anti-HER2 antibody response in BALB/c mice. Objective: To investigate and characterize antibody responses to human recombinant proteins of HER2 extracellular subdomains in immunized mice. Methods: Four subdomains of HER2 extracellular domain were expressed in E.coli; subsequently, purified recombinant proteins were intraperitoneally injected in BALB/c mice with Freund's adjuvant. The anti-HER2 antibody response was detected by ELISA, immunoblotting and flow cytometry. Results: All the four HER2 subdomains along with the full extracellular domain (fECD) were able to induce specific anti-HER2 antibodies. Although anti-HER2 subdomains antibodies could not react with eukaryotic recombinant fECD protein by ELISA, they were able to recognize this protein by immunoblotting under both reduced and non-reduced conditions. Furthermore, only the sera of mice immunized with fECD protein could recognize native HER2 on HER2 overexpressing tumor cells (>99%) by flow cytometry. Moreover, fECD immunized mice sera inhibited the proliferation of tumor cells by XTT assay. Conclusion: The prokaryotic recombinant proteins of HER2 extracellular subdomains are immunogenic, yet the induced specific antibodies do not react with the native HER2 protein due to the paucity of post-translation modifications and /or distortion of the native conformation of isolated HER2 extracellular subdomains which might be potentially effective for induction of cell mediated immune response against HER2.
