Elahe Amirinezhad Fard; Zahra Fereydouni; Kamran Mansouri; Ali Mostafaie
Abstract
Background: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammation that interferes with blood arteries functions due to the accumulation of low density lipids and cholesterol. Objective: To investigate the effect of aqueous extract and saponin fraction of Tribulus terrestris L. (TT) on the proteome and expression ...
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Background: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammation that interferes with blood arteries functions due to the accumulation of low density lipids and cholesterol. Objective: To investigate the effect of aqueous extract and saponin fraction of Tribulus terrestris L. (TT) on the proteome and expression of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin in the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human bone marrow endothelial cell (HBMEC) lines. Methods: Two cell lines were cultured and induced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The primed cells were then treated with aqueous extract and saponin fraction of TT. The protein profile of the endothelial cells was assessed under normal and LPS-induced conditions using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and 2D gel electrophoresis (2-DE). The levels of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-selectin were estimated by use of western blotting. Results: LPS-induced HUVECs and HBMECs were shown to significantly increase the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin in comparison to control groups. Our findings revealed that TT extract resulted in significantly more reduced levels of proteom (80 spots) as well as all the three mentioned proteins compared with the effect of saponin fraction alone. Conclusion: TT extract and its saponin fraction exerted anti-inflammatory effects on HUVEC and HBMEC lines and reduced the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin. However, the anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous extract was greater than that of saponin fraction. Therefore, TT could be considered as a potential candidate for the treatment or prevention of atherosclerosis.
Bahram Aminian; Ali Reza Abdi Ardekani; Narges Arandi
Volume 4, Issue 4 , December 2007, , Pages 227-235
Abstract
Background: Inflammation plays a critical role in atherogenesis. The initial step in atherosclerosis is the adhesion of leukocytes to activated endothelial cells mediated by ICAM-1, an inflammatory protein. Several polymorphisms for Intracellular adhesion molecule -1(ICAM-) gene have been described. ...
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Background: Inflammation plays a critical role in atherogenesis. The initial step in atherosclerosis is the adhesion of leukocytes to activated endothelial cells mediated by ICAM-1, an inflammatory protein. Several polymorphisms for Intracellular adhesion molecule -1(ICAM-) gene have been described. Objective: To determine the possible role of G241R and K469E polymorphisms in development of coronary artery disease and MI. Methods: G241R polymorphism was investigated in 303 patients with angiographi-cally documented CAD, including 151 patients with acute or chronic myocardial infarc-tion (MI), and a control group consisting of 141 healthy subjects with normal coronary angiogram. K469E polymorphism was investigated in 309 patients with CHD, includ-ing155 patients with MI, and compared with 150 healthy subjects without CHD as the control group. Finally, G241R and K469R polymorphisms were assessed concurrently in 300 patients with CHD including 152 patients with MI and 140 healthy normal subjects without coronary heart disease (CHD). Results: Although the frequency of GR and RR genotypes were higher in the control group compared to the CHD patients, the difference was not statistically significant (7.09% vs. 5.6% and 1.4% vs. 0%, p=0.27and p=0.24, re-spectively). Despite the higher frequency of KK genotype in the CHD group, the differ-ence was not significant (29.1% vs. 24.6%, p=0.62). KKGG genotype was more frequent in the CHD group, however the difference was not significant (31.1% vs. 27.3%, p=0.66). Conclusion: No strong relation was found between G241R and K469E polymorphisms and occurrence of CHD and MI in the studied population from Fars province, Iran.