Iranian Journal of Immunology

The Immunoregulatory Role of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 in Wound Healing Dynamics

Document Type : Letter To The Editor

Authors

Mohammad Hasan Soheilifar 1
Hoda Keshmiri Neghab 1
Sima Nobari 2

1 Department of Medical Laser, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.

2 Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

https://doi.org/10.22034/iji.2025.107588.3070
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process that encompasses four interrelated phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Inflammation plays a pivotal role in both acute and chronic wound healing. In chronic diabetic wounds, the normal healing rate is impaired due to persistent inflammation, which is associated with unbalanced immune responses. Microbial biofilms, increased immune cell activity, the accumulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and free radicals can contribute to the establishment of chronic inflammation in these wounds. Modulating the immune microenvironment in chronic wounds can significantly enhance the process of wound healing and tissue regeneration. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an important immune checkpoint molecule that can bind to the PD-1 receptor on the immune cells and suppress the immunogenic responses. Although inflammation plays a significant role in wound healing, the role of PD-L1 in chronic wounds is not clearly understood. Interestingly, recent evidence indicates that fibroblast cells in granulation tissues express PD-L1. This paper will review the current findings and potential advantages of PD-L1 in the wound healing process, presenting a novel approach for treating chronic wounds.

Keywords

Immune checkpoint
Inflammation
PD-L1
Wound Healing
Iranian Journal of Immunology
Volume 22, Issue 4
Autumn 2025
Pages 357-360

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