Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
1.Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2.Department of R&D, Kit and Anti-Body Laboratory, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
2
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3
Department of Pathology, Islamic Azad University- Abhar Branch, Abhar, Iran
4
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5
Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
10.22034/iji.2026.111961.3240
Abstract
Background: One of the common skin inflammatory diseases is irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) which associated with skin barrier damage and release of inflammatory mediators. TGF- β plays important roles in reducing inflammation and repairing tissue. While corticosteroids are used for treatment, their side effects have encouraged researchers to research for alternative treatments. One of these alternatives is Trachyspermum ammi (T.ammi), a plant with reported anti-inflammatory properties.
Objectives: We aimed to evaluate effects of T.ammi seed extract and hydrocortisone in a mouse model of ICD, through TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.
Methods: An ICD model was first induced by DNCB. They were divided into six groups: healthy control, DNCB-induced (not treated with medication), distilled water-treated, hydrocortisone-treated, and T.ammi-treated (1000 or 7000 µg/mL). Hematoxylin-eosin staining was use for evaluation of histopathological changes, and real-time was used for measuring the expression of TGF-β1,2, 3, TGF-βR1, TGF-βR2 , Smad2 and Smad4.
Results: T.ammi and hydrocortisone reduced skin thickness and appeared to reduce scratching behavior based on qualitative observation in comparison with untreated group. Expression levels of TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3, TGF-βR1, TGF-βR2, Smad2 and Smad4 were increased significantly in the groups treated with T.ammi extract at both concentrations (p < 0.05), while the expression of TGF- βR1 was increased significantly in the hydrocortisone-treated group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The findings suggest that T.ammi have anti-inflammatory effects in DNCB-induced irritant contact dermatitis. These effects may be associated with modulation of TGF- β/ Smad signaling pathway. The results also indicate that T.ammi and hydrocortisone may act through different mechanisms
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