Alireza Rafiei; Mahoud Abedini; Seyed Hamzeh Hosseini; Zahra HosseiniKhah; Behrouz Bazrafshan; Mohsen Tehrani
Volume 9, Issue 3 , Summer 2012, , Pages 159-167
Abstract
Background: The pathogenesis of migraine involves immune-mediated mechanisms in the vascular endothelium. Toll like receptor 4 (TLR-4) is a signaling receptor of innate immunity which plays a role in various neuropathologies related to neuron inflammation. Objective: This case/control study is aimed ...
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Background: The pathogenesis of migraine involves immune-mediated mechanisms in the vascular endothelium. Toll like receptor 4 (TLR-4) is a signaling receptor of innate immunity which plays a role in various neuropathologies related to neuron inflammation. Objective: This case/control study is aimed to investigate whether TLR- 4 896A/G variation is related to migraine headaches in an Iranian population. Methods: A total of 170 migraine patients (130 females, mean age 33.24 ± 11 years) and 170 age, sex, and ethnicity matched healthy controls (118 females, mean age of 31 ± 10 years) were recruited. Genotyping was carried out using the tetra primer amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)-PCR. Results: The frequency of G allele was higher in migraine patients than the controls (15% vs. 4.7%; p<0.0001). Interestingly, the distribution of heterozygous 896A/G genotype statistically differed between migraineurs and controls (25.3% vs. 8.2%, p=0.00002, OR 3.87, 95% CI; 2.02-7.4). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that G allele in affected female migraineurs is an independent factor associated with increased risk of migraine (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.23-8.24, p=0.01). Conclusion: Our results showed TLR-4 polymorphism as a genetic risk factor for migraine. However, further studies in different populations are required to elucidate the precise role of TLR-4 896A/G mutation in susceptibility to migraine.
Mir Davood Omrani; Mohammad Reza Mokhtari; Ali Tagizadae; Morteza Bagheri; Pedram Ahmad-Poor
Volume 5, Issue 4 , Autumn 2008, , Pages 201-206
Abstract
Background: Despite advances in the medical care of renal transplant recipients which have led to an improvement in allograft survival, renal allograft rejection is still a major ob-stacle to successful organ transplantation. Understanding the mechanisms contributing to allograft rejection will be of ...
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Background: Despite advances in the medical care of renal transplant recipients which have led to an improvement in allograft survival, renal allograft rejection is still a major ob-stacle to successful organ transplantation. Understanding the mechanisms contributing to allograft rejection will be of great importance for the development of efficient antirejection strategies. Objective: The aim of current investigation was to study the impact of polymor-phisms of CCR5Δ32, CCR5- 59029 A/G and CCR2-V64I on renal allograft survival. Methods: Using PCR and PCR-RFLP methods in 84 renal transplant recipients, the influ-ence of CCR5Δ32, CCR5- 59029 A/G and CCR2-V64I polymorphisms on renal allograft survival in two rejector and non-rejector groups were examined. Rejector group was de-fined as having rejection before 1 year and non-rejector group had stable graft function at least for 5 years. Results: Significant reductions were found in the risk of renal transplant rejection in recipients possessing the CCR2-64I (A) allele (p=0.03) or 59029-A allele (p=0.03) compared to non-rejector group. There were no significant differences in the fre-quency of CCR5Δ32 polymorphism in rejector group compared to non-rejector group (p>0.05). Conclusion: It was possible to conclude that the chemokine receptors CCR2-V64I (A) and CCR5- 59029 A alleles may influence renal allograft survival.
Manoochehr Rasouli; Simin Kiany; Abdolvahhab Alborzi
Volume 2, Issue 4 , Autumn 2005, , Pages 226-231
Abstract
Background: Brucella is a gram-negative bacterium, causing acute and chronic infection in humans and animals. Cell-mediated immunity is the main protective immune response against Brucella spp. Activation of macrophages by IFN-γ and generation of reactive oxygen intermediates and nitric oxide are ...
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Background: Brucella is a gram-negative bacterium, causing acute and chronic infection in humans and animals. Cell-mediated immunity is the main protective immune response against Brucella spp. Activation of macrophages by IFN-γ and generation of reactive oxygen intermediates and nitric oxide are the main immunologic mechanisms responsible for control of Brucella infection. Objective: To investigate the correlation between IFN-γ gene polymorphism and brucellosis. Methods: 195 patients with brucellosis, 186 healthy patients' family members and 82 healthy farmers who kept infected animals and consumed their contaminated dairy products were selected to take part in the study. IFN-γ genotyping at position +874 (T→A) was carried out by allele specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) method. Results: The frequency of AT and TT genotypes significantly increased in farmers compared to patients with brucellosis (P=0.03) while there was no significant difference in genotype distribution between patients and their healthy family members. Conclusion: IFN-γ (+874) AA genotype is probably a genetic factor that contributes to the susceptibility of the individuals to brucellosis.