Iranian Journal of Immunology

Immunogenicity of a Triple Diphtheria-Tetanus-Whole Cell Pertussis Vaccine in Iranian Preschool Children

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Saeed Zarei 1
Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani 1, 2
Mohammad Mehdi Akhondi 3
Hojjat Zeraati 4
Tahere Kheirkhah 5
Morteza Ghazanfari 6
Fazel Shokri 1, 7

1 Monoclonal Antibody Research Center

2 Immune and Gene Therapy Lab, Karolinska Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

3 Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center and

4 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and

5 Deputy of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

6 Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avesina Research Institute, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture & Research, Tehran, Iran

7 Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Medical Sciences/University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22034/iji.2007.17186
Abstract
Background: Immunization against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis has been applied in Iran since 1950. WHO suggests periodical evaluation of effectiveness of the triple diphtheria-tetanus-whole cell pertussis (DTwP) vaccine, worldwide.
Objectives: To determine the immunogenicity of locally manufactured DTwP vaccine administered to preschool children in a number of health centers of Tehran in 2006.
Methods: In this prospective study, 350 children aged 4-6 years were injected with DTwP vaccine manu-factured by Razi Institute of Iran. Blood samples were collected before and 2-4 weeks after the vaccination. The immunogenicity of the vaccine was assayed by measurement of specific antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique.
Results: Of the 337 children who were vaccinated, 99.4% and 100% had protective anti-diphtheria and anti-tetanus antibody titers, respectively. The vaccine response and seroconversion for pertussis was achieved in 70.3% of the subjects. The geometric mean titers (GMT) of the antibodies produced against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis by DTwP vaccine were 7.76, 9.37 IU/ml and 30.20 EU/ml after booster vaccine dose, respectively.
Conclusions: Comparison of the results obtained from this study with those of previous studies performed in other countries reveals that immunogenicity of diphtheria and tetanus components is similar to other vaccines, but the immunogenicity of pertussis vaccine was less efficient. The lower immunogenicity of DTwP against pertussis may be related to the bacterial strain used or the formulation protocol adopted for the vaccine preparation.

Keywords

Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine
Immunization
ELISA
Iranian Journal of Immunology
Volume 4, Issue 2
Spring 2007
Pages 101-109

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