Iranian Journal of Immunology

Increased Levels of AIM2 and Circulating Mitochondrial DNA in Type 2 Diabetes

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Yolanda Cataño Cañizalez 1
Edith Uresti Rivera 2
Rocio Garcia Jacobo 1
Diana Portales Perez 2
Yadira Bastian 3
J Rodriguez Rivera 4
Roberto Gonzalez Amaro 3
Jose Enciso Moreno 1
Mariana Garcia Hernandez 1

1 Medical Research Unit-Zacatecas, Mexican Institute for Social Security-IMSS, Zacatecas, Mexico

2 Research Center for Health Sciences and Biomedicine, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, Mexico

3 National Council of Science and Technology (CONACyT), Mexico

4 Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Central “Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto”, San Luis Potosí, Mexico,

https://doi.org/10.22034/iji.2018.39378
Abstract
Background: Chronic inflammation has critical role in Type 2 diabetes (T2D), in which IL-1β contributes in insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction. The activation of NLRP3 and AIM2 by endogens ligands, such as mtDNA can lead to the release of active form of IL-1β. Objective: To evaluate AIM2 expression and activation as well as circulating mtDNA levels in T2D patients. Methods: AIM2 expression was analyzed by flow cytometry, it’s activity was assessed by measuring in vitro release of IL-1β induced by Poly (dA:dT), and mtDNA copy number was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: Increased percent of AIM2+ cells were detected in monocytes from patients with T2D. Moreover, increased levels of IL-1β in monocytes cultures from T2D patients compared to healthy controls were observed. Also, association between AIM2+ cells and hyperglycemia (r=0.4385, P=0.0095) and triglycerides levels (r=0.5112, P=0.002) and waist-hip ratio (r=0.4710, P=0.0049) were detected. Likewise, the mtDNA copy number was augmented in T2D patients compared to control group. The mtDNA copies number was associated with body mass index (r=0.4231, P=0.0008) and TNF-α levels (r=0.5231, P=0.0005). In addition, increased levels of IL-12p70, TNF-a, IL-10, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-1β were detected in a serum from T2D patients. Conclusion: These results suggest the involvement of AIM2 and mtDNA in the inflammatory process seen in T2D.

Keywords

AIM2
Cell-free mtDNA
IL-1β
Inflammasome
Type 2 Diabetes
Iranian Journal of Immunology
Volume 15, Issue 2
Spring 2018
Pages 142-155

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