Iranian Journal of Immunology

IgG Avidity Test for Ocular Toxoplasmosis Diagnosis at a Tertiary Center, Northeast of Iran

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Elham Moghaddas 1
Seyedeh Maryam Hosseini 2
Karim Sharifi 1
Abdolrahim Rezai 3
Saman Soleimanpour 4
Mohammad Mobin Miri Moghaddam 5
Seyed Aliakbar Shamsian 1

1 Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

2 Eye Research center, Mashhad University of Medial Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

3 Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

4 Microbiology and Virology Research Center, Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

5 Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22034/iji.2019.80276
Abstract
Background: The diagnostic methods which are used for acute ocular toxoplasmosis are very important; if the treatment is delayed, it sometimes leads to loss of vision. Fewstudies have been performed to evaluate serological tests used in the diagnosis of acute ocular toxoplasmosis. Objective: To evaluate the immunoglobulin (Ig) M, G and IgG avidity tests for diagnosis of acute ocular toxoplasmosis in the northeast of Iran. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from January 2014 to December 2016. After an opthalmic examination was conducted by a retina specialist, 16 typical acute and 34 typical chronic ocular toxoplasmosis cases were included in this study. Information on clinical manifestations, age and occupation was recorded. Anti-Toxoplasma IgG, IgM and IgG avidity tests were administered on serum samples using the ELISA method. Results: Blurring of vision in all patients was the most clinical presentation. The IgG avidity test could diagnose all acute and recent cases. However, three false positive and one false negative result occurred using the IgM test by ELISA. The false negative result in all likelihood occurred because the patient was at the beginning stage of the infection. Conclusion: The result of this study showed that IgM is not a reliable marker of acute disease. Repetition of the serology tests was proposed in cases with clinical manifestations without detectable antibody titer after approximately two weeks. IgG avidity testing results coincided with clinical diagnosis and it could therefore considered to be a reliable method to differentiate between recently acquired and chronic ocular toxoplasmosis.

Keywords

ELISA
IgG Avidity Test
Ocular Toxoplasmosis
Iranian Journal of Immunology
Volume 16, Issue 3
Summer 2019
Pages 258-264

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